Total reserves comprise holdings of monetary gold, special drawing rights, reserves of IMF members held by the IMF, and holdings of foreign exchange under the control of monetary authorities. The gold component of these reserves is valued at year-end (December 31) London prices. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
| 1990 | 2000 | 2005 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Japan | 8.8 | 15.8 | 15.8 | 15.2 | 14.2 | 15.0 | 14.2 | 16.8 | 17.0 | 16.3 | 14.7 | 15.4 | 18.5 | 16.1 | 12.3 | 13.5 | 13.0 | |
| China | 8.5 | 10.9 | 14.2 | 21.8 | 19.1 | 19.1 | 19.5 | 19.0 | 17.9 | 16.7 | 15.4 | 13.1 | 13.8 | 14.7 | 11.6 | 11.1 | 11.6 | 11.2 |
| Tonga | 5.2 | 3.6 | 5.4 | 6.3 | 6.2 | 6.3 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.6 | 7.4 | 7.6 | 7.6 | 10.9 | 13.9 | 13.2 | 12.0 | 11.0 | |
| Uzbekistan | 15.1 | 17.2 | 19.1 | 19.9 | 18.9 | 12.9 | 12.2 | 17.2 | 14.1 | 11.0 | 8.8 | 10.3 | ||||||
| Samoa | 8.6 | 3.1 | 4.9 | 3.3 | 3.6 | 3.3 | 2.7 | 3.4 | 2.5 | 3.4 | 4.2 | 4.3 | 8.2 | 7.7 | 7.1 | 8.8 | 9.8 | |
| Cambodia | 3.0 | 2.8 | 5.6 | 4.8 | 4.9 | 4.4 | 4.8 | 5.2 | 6.1 | 7.4 | 7.4 | 8.1 | 10.3 | 7.0 | 5.8 | 7.8 | 7.7 | |
| India | 2.0 | 6.1 | 8.5 | 7.8 | 6.2 | 5.9 | 6.0 | 6.6 | 8.0 | 8.4 | 8.2 | 6.9 | 8.3 | 12.9 | 9.8 | 7.0 | 8.0 | 7.5 |
| Thailand | 4.4 | 5.1 | 4.4 | 9.1 | 7.7 | 7.3 | 6.5 | 6.7 | 7.4 | 8.3 | 8.8 | 7.8 | 8.9 | 12.1 | 9.0 | 7.1 | 7.6 | 7.4 |
| Philippines | 1.5 | 4.7 | 4.6 | 10.4 | 11.6 | 11.5 | 11.6 | 9.9 | 9.9 | 8.8 | 7.8 | 6.9 | 7.7 | 12.3 | 9.7 | 7.2 | 7.6 | 7.3 |
| Bhutan | 11.7 | 6.6 | 8.6 | 9.3 | 11.8 | 9.6 | 9.4 | 9.9 | 7.9 | 10.0 | 12.5 | 10.5 | 5.6 | 4.0 | 6.6 | |||
| Korea, Rep. | 2.3 | 5.8 | 7.6 | 6.5 | 5.4 | 5.8 | 6.2 | 6.5 | 7.9 | 8.4 | 7.6 | 7.1 | 7.7 | 9.4 | 7.6 | 5.9 | 6.3 | 6.2 |
| Indonesia | 3.1 | 5.3 | 4.1 | 6.9 | 6.1 | 5.6 | 5.0 | 5.7 | 6.4 | 7.2 | 7.1 | 5.6 | 6.3 | 8.4 | 6.8 | 5.2 | 5.7 | 5.7 |
| Timor-Leste | 3.6 | 3.0 | 6.3 | 6.8 | 3.1 | 3.9 | 2.8 | 5.6 | 7.3 | 6.0 | 5.0 | 6.9 | 5.2 | 6.3 | 5.7 | |||
| Brunei Darussalam | 2.2 | 3.8 | 4.4 | 5.1 | 4.8 | 6.4 | 7.6 | 9.2 | 9.0 | 6.2 | 6.9 | 6.9 | 5.9 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | ||
| Kazakhstan | 2.4 | 2.7 | 5.1 | 4.3 | 3.7 | 3.3 | 4.3 | 5.7 | 6.8 | 6.0 | 5.2 | 4.5 | 6.7 | 5.4 | 4.7 | 4.2 | 5.5 | |
| Azerbaijan | 3.4 | 1.6 | 5.3 | 5.7 | 5.9 | 7.4 | 7.8 | 3.9 | 4.0 | 4.2 | 3.7 | 3.9 | 5.2 | 5.1 | 4.8 | 5.5 | 4.7 | |
| Malaysia | 3.6 | 3.3 | 5.9 | 6.3 | 6.9 | 7.0 | 6.7 | 5.7 | 5.5 | 5.6 | 5.5 | 4.9 | 5.3 | 6.3 | 5.2 | 4.3 | 4.8 | 4.5 |
| Singapore | 4.7 | 5.3 | 4.9 | 5.8 | 5.2 | 5.4 | 5.4 | 5.1 | 5.4 | 5.6 | 5.5 | 4.9 | 4.8 | 6.5 | 5.9 | 3.5 | 4.4 | 4.3 |
| Bangladesh | 1.9 | 1.8 | 2.2 | 4.3 | 2.8 | 3.9 | 4.9 | 5.6 | 6.8 | 7.6 | 6.8 | 5.7 | 5.9 | 8.7 | 6.3 | 4.2 | 3.4 | 3.2 |
| New Zealand | 2.1 | 2.4 | 3.9 | 3.4 | 3.4 | 3.0 | 2.8 | 3.0 | 3.6 | 3.7 | 2.9 | 3.1 | 2.9 | 2.5 | 2.0 | 2.2 | 3.1 | |
| Pakistan | 1.1 | 1.7 | 4.1 | 4.7 | 4.2 | 3.1 | 1.7 | 3.1 | 4.4 | 4.6 | 3.1 | 1.9 | 3.1 | 3.9 | 3.4 | 1.4 | 2.5 | 2.9 |
| Vietnam | 2.3 | 2.7 | 1.6 | 1.4 | 2.5 | 2.1 | 2.5 | 1.9 | 2.2 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 3.4 | 4.0 | 3.7 | 2.7 | 3.0 | 2.4 | |
| Georgia | 1.0 | 1.7 | 3.9 | 3.7 | 3.3 | 3.2 | 2.9 | 3.1 | 3.3 | 3.2 | 3.1 | 3.2 | 4.4 | 3.8 | 3.1 | 2.7 | 2.3 | |
| Armenia | 3.7 | 3.2 | 4.4 | 4.1 | 3.7 | 4.5 | 2.9 | 4.4 | 5.2 | 4.4 | 3.7 | 4.1 | 5.4 | 5.5 | 4.2 | 2.7 | 2.1 | |
| Australia | 3.3 | 2.1 | 2.6 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 1.9 | 2.1 | 1.6 | 1.8 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.4 |
| Maldives | 1.6 | 3.0 | 2.5 | 2.1 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 2.4 | 2.2 | 1.6 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 4.3 | 2.4 | 1.8 | 1.2 | 1.3 |
| Fiji | 3.2 | 4.4 | 1.9 | 4.0 | 3.7 | 4.0 | 3.7 | 3.5 | 3.9 | 3.8 | 4.1 | 3.2 | 3.4 | 5.6 | 6.9 | 5.0 | ||
| Hong Kong SAR, China | 4.9 | 4.1 | 5.3 | 5.4 | 4.9 | 5.1 | 5.7 | 6.2 | 6.4 | 5.8 | 6.3 | 7.6 | 6.5 | 5.7 | 5.7 | |||
| Lao PDR | 0.5 | 2.7 | 3.9 | 5.9 | 5.0 | 3.9 | 3.0 | 2.3 | 1.8 | 1.6 | 1.8 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 3.2 | 3.0 | 2.0 | 2.2 | |
| Micronesia, Fed. Sts. | 2.6 | 3.4 | 3.3 | 3.7 | 5.3 | |||||||||||||
| Mongolia | 3.1 | 2.5 | 6.1 | 3.1 | 4.9 | 2.9 | 2.4 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 4.4 | 4.2 | 4.7 | 6.1 | 4.5 | 2.9 | 3.6 | ||
| Myanmar | 6.2 | 1.3 | 3.1 | 11.1 | 8.3 | 7.6 | 7.6 | 3.1 | 2.9 | 3.3 | 2.9 | 3.1 | 3.3 | |||||
| Papua New Guinea | 3.0 | 1.8 | 2.8 | 5.4 | 6.7 | 5.2 | 3.4 | 4.4 | 3.4 | 4.2 | 3.2 | 3.6 | 3.4 | 5.3 | 4.8 | 4.6 | 5.1 | |
| Solomon Islands | 1.3 | 2.2 | 4.5 | 5.2 | 6.9 | 8.2 | 8.4 | 8.0 | 9.0 | 8.7 | 9.2 | 9.1 | 8.4 | 13.7 | 12.7 | 9.7 | 8.9 | |
| Vanuatu | 3.3 | 2.6 | 3.1 | 4.5 | 4.5 | 4.6 | 4.8 | 4.9 | 6.3 | 6.2 | 8.5 | 9.0 | 11.4 | 15.5 | 14.2 | 12.6 | ||
| Kyrgyz Republic | 4.2 | 4.9 | 5.0 | 4.0 | 3.7 | 3.8 | 3.5 | 4.2 | 4.6 | 4.7 | 4.2 | 4.5 | 7.8 | 5.5 | 3.1 | |||
| Tajikistan | 1.6 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.7 | 2.5 | 5.0 | 4.4 | 4.7 | 8.2 | 6.7 | 8.3 | 6.4 | |||
| Afghanistan | 10.5 | 10.3 | 8.7 | 8.6 | 10.7 | 9.8 | 11.8 | 12.1 | 12.2 | 13.7 | 16.6 | |||||||
| Nepal | 5.0 | 6.5 | 6.7 | 6.0 | 6.7 | 7.6 | 8.6 | 8.4 | 12.5 | 10.3 | 9.4 | 6.6 | 7.5 | 12.5 | 6.7 | 7.2 | 10.6 | |
| Sri Lanka | 1.7 | 1.6 | 3.1 | 5.3 | 3.5 | 3.7 | 3.8 | 3.9 | 3.5 | 2.8 | 3.4 | 2.8 | 3.4 | 3.3 | 1.6 | 1.1 | 2.4 |