Technicians in R&D and equivalent staff are people whose main tasks require technical knowledge and experience in engineering, physical and life sciences (technicians), or social sciences and humanities (equivalent staff). They participate in R&D by performing scientific and technical tasks involving the application of concepts and operational methods, normally under the supervision of researchers.

Number of technicians in R&D (per million people)

20002005201020112012201320142015201620172018
Austria2,169.02,373.72,579.52,648.1
Belgium1,403.21,426.61,316.51,377.9
Cyprus279.6366.9257.2256.4236.8236.6264.5257.0271.4325.1
Estonia378.8418.3680.9662.0708.9802.1676.1675.1710.2654.8
France1,720.71,882.41,876.41,874.21,836.11,809.31,798.41,804.91,805.5
Germany1,159.01,400.71,725.51,733.31,709.51,883.21,909.91,945.72,006.7
Greece752.8585.1
Ireland686.7734.8670.1794.0874.51,009.21,045.91,161.91,152.01,164.6
Latvia266.3471.6431.8391.2
Lithuania506.6429.4541.3462.5
Luxembourg3,402.53,362.83,289.32,954.32,941.33,094.03,285.53,109.13,166.0
Netherlands1,514.31,421.41,326.42,037.7
Portugal259.9277.7377.9339.9338.2742.3709.2752.8701.0780.1
Slovak Republic666.2415.8386.2355.0383.9329.4366.5389.2412.1484.1520.6
Slovenia1,616.41,413.61,922.32,459.42,313.12,522.92,392.32,399.62,373.91,814.2
Spain627.6906.51,293.31,243.61,233.01,210.81,163.11,189.61,189.21,264.9
Malta548.6808.7974.4912.7807.2948.4765.8743.0886.0