Changes in net reserves is the net change in a country's holdings of international reserves resulting from transactions on the current, capital, and financial accounts. Reserve assets are those external assets that are readily available to and controlled by monetary authorities for meeting balance of payments financing needs, and include holdings of monetary gold, special drawing rights (SDRs), reserve position in the International Monetary Fund (IMF), and other reserve assets. Also included are net credit and loans from the IMF (excluding reserve position) and total exceptional financing. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
| 1970 | 1990 | 2000 | 2005 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Slovak Republic | 919,656,256 | 1,289,099,345 | 36,663,789 | 119,184,829 | -21,354,597 | 96,430,121 | 552,569,195 | 335,196,447 | -64,055,984 | 542,596,889 | 1,683,958,148 | 1,642,026,052 | 1,488,510,754 | 501,208,306 | 1,350,322,710 | 660,160,257 | 2,818,089,526 | ||
| Italy | 342,269,999 | 11,664,722,648 | 3,245,580,607 | -1,031,112,089 | 1,335,572,095 | 1,169,214,747 | 1,878,109,361 | 1,997,306,265 | -1,212,583,722 | 594,057,618 | -1,288,788,026 | 2,916,421,879 | 3,073,958,050 | 3,637,301,602 | 4,630,557,337 | 24,374,656,109 | 2,000,826,765 | 2,962,285,861 | 2,263,773,698 |
| France | 10,946,792,361 | -2,436,427,992 | -9,026,463,011 | 7,780,897,390 | -8,390,293,653 | 5,489,198,193 | -2,015,625,696 | 1,110,436,027 | 7,990,908,705 | 2,304,897,437 | -3,363,510,193 | 12,442,281,008 | 3,162,634,273 | 4,537,610,252 | 27,009,305,496 | 1,676,981,023 | -21,623,187,885 | 1,619,679,176 | |
| Lithuania | 157,992,738 | 711,552,782 | 491,140,598 | 1,875,305,633 | 119,936,580 | -575,870,341 | 1,615,818,251 | -1,480,939,162 | 902,787,826 | 1,698,092,094 | 1,379,298,556 | -661,346,718 | -425,034,233 | 738,187,978 | 87,210,231 | 668,269,542 | 1,535,811,420 | ||
| Spain | 7,188,037,070 | -2,876,187,319 | -1,915,122,760 | 1,052,047,170 | 13,778,251,291 | 3,181,606,469 | 839,120,047 | 4,897,071,998 | 5,615,179,588 | 9,272,178,186 | 4,276,331,602 | 2,561,026,728 | 763,524,137 | -262,497,183 | 12,151,521,760 | 4,396,066,551 | 6,445,002,335 | 1,452,034,781 | |
| Finland | 3,931,199,350 | 352,098,364 | -177,947,237 | -2,117,633,012 | 518,369,063 | 686,496,173 | 1,048,616,825 | -285,633,594 | -265,378,242 | 597,935,391 | -443,959,589 | -71,620,570 | 615,551,388 | 991,179,509 | 3,439,398,040 | 389,851,891 | 38,646,191 | 686,132,527 | |
| Portugal | 3,541,608,924 | 370,194,813 | -1,104,525,910 | 1,317,112,724 | -19,891,064,598 | -10,373,504,228 | -3,985,823,517 | -184,631,501 | 10,786,325,948 | 10,081,304,601 | 10,005,186,297 | 5,253,804,245 | -2,512,238,442 | -545,167,530 | 4,256,981,404 | -61,817,985 | -536,126,978 | 565,631,035 | |
| Slovenia | 178,203,946 | 206,371,187 | -31,032,279 | -104,385,410 | -41,856,893 | 5,431,753 | 124,337,814 | -123,296,365 | -108,401,461 | 95,893,214 | 58,215,190 | 42,206,103 | 192,341,142 | 970,827,490 | 175,175,999 | -1,141,474 | 357,993,999 | ||
| Malta | -96,326,320 | -221,860,959 | 219,211,012 | 26,826,672 | -60,991,823 | 163,768,692 | -46,838,914 | 29,984,927 | -98,175,196 | 101,888,337 | 118,136,454 | 252,927,577 | -122,821,794 | -71,742,950 | -36,650,478 | 136,075,952 | -18,036,684 | 211,270,481 | |
| Cyprus | 293,783,344 | -8,168,543 | 702,724,451 | -296,372,232 | -10,438,614 | -60,434,890 | -385,971,358 | -224,943,825 | -457,895,512 | -162,897,670 | 303,841,443 | 59,985,561 | -1,618,582 | 817,760,834 | 420,622,426 | 98,626,452 | -4,382,407 | 73,960,732 | |
| Latvia | 2,825,456 | 524,781,836 | 577,813,857 | -1,200,507,972 | 2,538,692,443 | 520,423,773 | -154,715,096 | 347,727,713 | 118,546,571 | 1,029,701,502 | -147,371,770 | -103,909,254 | 513,141,315 | 171,789,120 | -458,627,219 | 256,825,055 | 35,108,777 | ||
| Luxembourg | -69,049,354 | 34,276,523 | 163,972,522 | -21,890,929 | 74,223,105 | -129,948,677 | -56,270,527 | 220,557,877 | -143,094,757 | 76,096,902 | 99,950,344 | 1,811,226 | 1,864,787,733 | 95,156,437 | 64,369,840 | -158,368,440 | |||
| Greece | 280,050,286 | 2,572,263,646 | -102,956,536 | -13,936,453,738 | -13,310,001,054 | -2,136,885,495 | -6,456,617,393 | 5,464,390,028 | 10,584,866,086 | 4,268,034,816 | 988,248,434 | 1,963,552,258 | 4,924,550,738 | 1,772,034,125 | 7,334,918,213 | 44,639,867 | 567,468,979 | -281,241,345 | |
| Estonia | 127,587,184 | 385,466,883 | -1,111,496,261 | 17,125,553 | 91,831,615 | 12,050,284 | 164,229,693 | 26,135,812 | -48,245,713 | -31,961,221 | 481,500,789 | 667,493,003 | 363,145,137 | 520,438,360 | 162,869,932 | 277,101,216 | -345,656,001 | ||
| Austria | -750,734,991 | 1,445,048,887 | 992,083,718 | 1,243,471,715 | 525,522,399 | 2,891,314,632 | -363,231,368 | 534,419,743 | -3,497,680,858 | 2,620,758,658 | -206,071,046 | 1,739,967,694 | 4,861,185,160 | 667,463,948 | -4,344,978,004 | -353,919,082 | |||
| Netherlands | 709,033,370 | 267,848,127 | 220,279,030 | -1,789,503,898 | 126,666,206 | 3,901,526,980 | 4,284,184,003 | -420,654,150 | -2,593,758,616 | -443,079,776 | -3,404,022,664 | -1,769,289,021 | 504,582,455 | 532,154,198 | -152,888,131 | 12,819,935,147 | 53,826,865 | 1,083,270,864 | -765,050,070 |
| Germany | 7,253,555,899 | -5,224,960,509 | -2,601,720,493 | 2,134,345,645 | 3,917,705,196 | 1,699,738,000 | 1,155,710,414 | -3,296,664,895 | -2,421,942,263 | 1,896,844,161 | -1,482,727,059 | 455,228,508 | -594,219,616 | -66,916,004 | 37,469,825,956 | 4,744,603,710 | 949,103,221 | -1,554,128,087 | |
| Belgium | -2,174,985,727 | 820,363,791 | 1,498,216,713 | 668,325,656 | -471,812,506 | -1,356,504,920 | -1,074,868,079 | -1,011,795,232 | 1,232,746,048 | 859,775,277 | -34,367,659 | 1,127,163,460 | 9,673,983,963 | 146,342,498 | -2,234,102,670 | -2,741,065,104 | |||
| Ireland | -1,776,083,298 | -41,708,609 | -17,640,396,932 | -8,470,278,897 | -4,422,360,047 | 11,309,428,609 | 11,768,910,588 | 1,435,462,670 | 5,861,884,937 | 874,105,752 | 469,633,061 | 1,507,476,709 | 5,837,163,386 | 466,686,441 | -378,107,685 |