Maternal mortality ratio is the number of women who die during pregnancy and childbirth, per 100,000 live births. The data are estimated with a regression model using information on fertility, birth attendants, and HIV prevalence.
| 1990 | 2000 | 2005 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mongolia | 276.0 | 144.0 | 99.0 | 71.0 | 67.0 | 63.0 | 59.0 | 56.0 | 52.0 | 48.0 | 45.0 | 45.0 | 45.0 | 47.0 | 63.0 | 41.0 | 41.0 |
| Albania | 30.0 | 15.0 | 12.0 | 9.0 | 9.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 9.0 | 8.0 | 8.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 14.0 | 8.0 | 7.0 |
| Armenia | 47.0 | 40.0 | 32.0 | 28.0 | 27.0 | 27.0 | 26.0 | 26.0 | 25.0 | 25.0 | 24.0 | 24.0 | 23.0 | 43.0 | 57.0 | 27.0 | 19.0 |
| Austria | 12.0 | 7.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 7.0 | 6.0 |
| Azerbaijan | 41.0 | 46.0 | 40.0 | 28.0 | 27.0 | 28.0 | 24.0 | 23.0 | 21.0 | 22.0 | 22.0 | 21.0 | 21.0 | 21.0 | 55.0 | 32.0 | 18.0 |
| Belarus | 33.0 | 20.0 | 9.0 | 3.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Belgium | 9.0 | 8.0 | 7.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 5.0 | 6.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 7.0 | 11.0 | 4.0 |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 25.0 | 11.0 | 9.0 | 8.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 6.0 | 7.0 | 13.0 | 12.0 | 6.0 |
| Bulgaria | 27.0 | 19.0 | 13.0 | 9.0 | 8.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 6.0 | 9.0 | 9.0 | 10.0 | 6.0 |
| Croatia | 10.0 | 8.0 | 7.0 | 6.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 3.0 | 4.0 | 5.0 | 12.0 | 6.0 | 3.0 |
| Cyprus | 15.0 | 12.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 11.0 | 11.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 13.0 | 13.0 | 87.0 | 98.0 | 53.0 | 14.0 |
| Czechia | 15.0 | 7.0 | 5.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 4.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 |
| Denmark | 12.0 | 9.0 | 8.0 | 7.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 8.0 | 6.0 | 4.0 |
| Estonia | 44.0 | 27.0 | 15.0 | 8.0 | 9.0 | 8.0 | 6.0 | 7.0 | 6.0 | 7.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 8.0 | 7.0 | 5.0 |
| Finland | 8.0 | 7.0 | 8.0 | 8.0 | 7.0 | 8.0 | 8.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 8.0 | 8.0 | 8.0 | 9.0 | 8.0 | 8.0 | 8.0 |
| France | 18.0 | 9.0 | 9.0 | 9.0 | 9.0 | 9.0 | 9.0 | 9.0 | 9.0 | 9.0 | 8.0 | 9.0 | 8.0 | 9.0 | 9.0 | 9.0 | 7.0 |
| Georgia | 34.0 | 43.0 | 53.0 | 41.0 | 37.0 | 35.0 | 34.0 | 32.0 | 30.0 | 28.0 | 27.0 | 24.0 | 22.0 | 30.0 | 60.0 | 22.0 | 20.0 |
| Germany | 12.0 | 7.0 | 6.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 |
| Greece | 7.0 | 4.0 | 3.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 7.0 | 9.0 | 10.0 | 5.0 |
| Hungary | 25.0 | 14.0 | 13.0 | 13.0 | 14.0 | 13.0 | 13.0 | 13.0 | 13.0 | 13.0 | 14.0 | 14.0 | 13.0 | 18.0 | 30.0 | 14.0 | 12.0 |
| Iceland | 13.0 | 7.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 12.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 3.0 |
| Ireland | 11.0 | 8.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 5.0 | 4.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 7.0 | 4.0 |
| Italy | 18.0 | 11.0 | 8.0 | 8.0 | 8.0 | 8.0 | 8.0 | 8.0 | 8.0 | 8.0 | 8.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 8.0 | 7.0 | 10.0 | 6.0 |
| Kazakhstan | 64.0 | 58.0 | 38.0 | 22.0 | 19.0 | 17.0 | 15.0 | 14.0 | 13.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 11.0 | 11.0 | 18.0 | 23.0 | 14.0 | 10.0 |
| Kyrgyz Republic | 72.0 | 72.0 | 74.0 | 71.0 | 70.0 | 67.0 | 64.0 | 62.0 | 58.0 | 53.0 | 49.0 | 49.0 | 47.0 | 55.0 | 70.0 | 44.0 | 42.0 |
| Latvia | 47.0 | 34.0 | 27.0 | 22.0 | 22.0 | 20.0 | 24.0 | 22.0 | 22.0 | 23.0 | 23.0 | 23.0 | 22.0 | 21.0 | 42.0 | 29.0 | 19.0 |
| Lithuania | 29.0 | 16.0 | 13.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 9.0 | 10.0 | 9.0 | 10.0 | 9.0 | 9.0 | 8.0 | 9.0 | 9.0 | 8.0 |
| Luxembourg | 24.0 | 18.0 | 17.0 | 17.0 | 13.0 | 13.0 | 15.0 | 13.0 | 13.0 | 13.0 | 15.0 | 9.0 | 12.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 11.0 |
| North Macedonia | 16.0 | 11.0 | 7.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 7.0 | 12.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 |
| Moldova | 53.0 | 38.0 | 26.0 | 20.0 | 19.0 | 19.0 | 19.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 21.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 21.0 | 29.0 | 24.0 | 19.0 | 19.0 |
| Montenegro | 10.0 | 11.0 | 8.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 6.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 6.0 | 15.0 | 15.0 | 13.0 | 6.0 |
| Netherlands | 12.0 | 13.0 | 10.0 | 6.0 | 7.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 4.0 | 5.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 |
| Norway | 9.0 | 5.0 | 6.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 3.0 | 1.0 |
| Poland | 18.0 | 7.0 | 4.0 | 3.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 3.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 |
| Portugal | 17.0 | 9.0 | 8.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 11.0 | 11.0 | 12.0 | 13.0 | 14.0 | 15.0 | 14.0 | 19.0 | 16.0 | 15.0 |
| Romania | 118.0 | 45.0 | 30.0 | 23.0 | 20.0 | 19.0 | 18.0 | 18.0 | 18.0 | 17.0 | 17.0 | 15.0 | 14.0 | 16.0 | 20.0 | 13.0 | 12.0 |
| Russian Federation | 58.0 | 51.0 | 38.0 | 23.0 | 19.0 | 18.0 | 16.0 | 16.0 | 15.0 | 14.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 19.0 | 21.0 | 13.0 | 9.0 |
| Serbia | 14.0 | 16.0 | 13.0 | 13.0 | 13.0 | 13.0 | 13.0 | 13.0 | 13.0 | 13.0 | 13.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 16.0 | 26.0 | 14.0 | 11.0 |
| Slovak Republic | 18.0 | 8.0 | 7.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 4.0 | 12.0 | 5.0 | 4.0 |
| Slovenia | 14.0 | 7.0 | 6.0 | 7.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 12.0 | 8.0 | 15.0 | 3.0 |
| Spain | 6.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 3.0 |
| Sweden | 8.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 4.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 4.0 |
| Switzerland | 14.0 | 9.0 | 8.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 7.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 5.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 5.0 |
| Tajikistan | 80.0 | 58.0 | 36.0 | 26.0 | 25.0 | 23.0 | 21.0 | 21.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 17.0 | 16.0 | 16.0 | 25.0 | 25.0 | 14.0 | 14.0 |
| Turkiye | 42.0 | 32.0 | 27.0 | 23.0 | 23.0 | 21.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 19.0 | 19.0 | 18.0 | 17.0 | 17.0 | 19.0 | 20.0 | 21.0 | 15.0 |
| Turkmenistan | 62.0 | 25.0 | 15.0 | 9.0 | 8.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 6.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 |
| Ukraine | 40.0 | 32.0 | 27.0 | 21.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 19.0 | 17.0 | 17.0 | 16.0 | 16.0 | 16.0 | 18.0 | 26.0 | 16.0 | 15.0 |
| United Kingdom | 6.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 9.0 | 9.0 | 9.0 | 9.0 | 9.0 | 9.0 | 9.0 | 9.0 | 14.0 | 13.0 | 15.0 | 8.0 |
| Uzbekistan | 50.0 | 42.0 | 39.0 | 34.0 | 33.0 | 33.0 | 32.0 | 32.0 | 31.0 | 31.0 | 30.0 | 29.0 | 29.0 | 29.0 | 28.0 | 27.0 | 26.0 |
| Malta | 17.0 | 13.0 | 11.0 | 9.0 | 11.0 | 9.0 | 7.0 | 8.0 | 7.0 | 10.0 | 7.0 | 9.0 | 8.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 8.0 |
| Canada | 7.0 | 9.0 | 11.0 | 11.0 | 11.0 | 11.0 | 11.0 | 12.0 | 11.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 13.0 | 12.0 | 17.0 | 14.0 | 15.0 | 12.0 |
| United States | 12.0 | 12.0 | 13.0 | 15.0 | 15.0 | 16.0 | 16.0 | 17.0 | 17.0 | 18.0 | 18.0 | 18.0 | 18.0 | 22.0 | 31.0 | 20.0 | 17.0 |
| Andorra | 16.0 | 14.0 | 13.0 | 12.0 | 11.0 | 11.0 | 9.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 11.0 | 11.0 | 11.0 | 48.0 | 18.0 | 17.0 | 11.0 |
| Monaco | 16.0 | 10.0 | 5.0 | 11.0 | 11.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 6.0 | 5.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 24.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 |
| San Marino | 11.0 | 14.0 | 12.0 | 8.0 | 8.0 | 8.0 | 8.0 | 8.0 | 8.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 46.0 | 35.0 | 22.0 | 8.0 |