World Bank

Adequacy of Social Assistance and Social Insurance benefits by quintiles of per capita welfare Impacts on poverty and inequality of Social Assistance and Social Insurance programs

Data cited at: The World Bank https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/ Topic: Africa Development For Entrepreneurship Publication: https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/dataset/africa-development-entrepreneurship License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/   The African Data for Entrepreneurs Initiative uses household level datasets available at the World Bank to create summary indicators useful for entrepreneurs in Africa creating or growing their businesses. There are two main sources of data: Listening to Africa and National Household Survey Datasets. Listening to Africa L2A is a collaboration with national statistical offices and NGOs in sub-Saharan Africa to pilot the use of mobile phones to regularly collect information on living conditions. The approach combines face-to-face surveys with follow up mobile phone interviews to collect data that allows welfare monitoring. L2A surveys for Senegal, Madagascar, and Malawi were adapted specifically to collect data that would be valuable for entrepreneurs and thus these data have a richer set of indicators. National Household Survey Datasets Countries national statistical offices regularly carry out general household surveys to collect information about the living standards of households more broadly. While these datasets are more broadly available, they may have less information that would be particularly relevant for entrepreneurs.

The primary World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially-recognized international sources. It presents the most current and accurate global development data available, and includes national, regional and global estimates.

The data contained in this general study of 31 African cities has to be considered with a degree of caution due to inconsistencies in definitions, measurements, and data collection methodologies. The inherent complexities of the sector, the difficulties in measuring institutional arrangements, and the validation of the data found added limitations to the data set.

Data cited at: The World Bank https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/ Topic: Africa's Infrastructure: Airports Publication: https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/dataset/africas-infrastructure-airports License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/   The Africa Infrastructure Country Diagnostic (AICD) has data collection and analysis on the status of the main network infrastructures. The AICD database provides cross-country data on network infrastructure for nine major sectors: air transport, information and communication technologies, irrigation, ports, power, railways, roads, water and sanitation.

Data cited at: The World Bank https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/ Topic: Africa's Infrastructure: Airports Publication: https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/dataset/africas-infrastructure-airports License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/   The Africa Infrastructure Country Diagnostic (AICD) has data collection and analysis on the status of the main network infrastructures. The AICD database provides cross-country data on network infrastructure for nine major sectors: air transport, information and communication technologies, irrigation, ports, power, railways, roads, water and sanitation

Data cited at: The World Bank https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/ Topic: Africa's Infrastructure: Airports Publication: https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/dataset/africas-infrastructure-airports License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/   The Africa Infrastructure Country Diagnostic (AICD) has data collection and analysis on the status of the main network infrastructures. The AICD database provides cross-country data on network infrastructure for nine major sectors: air transport, information and communication technologies, irrigation, ports, power, railways, roads, water and sanitation.   The indicators are defined as to cover key areas for policy making: affordability, access, pricing as well as institutional, fiscal and financial aspects. The analysis encompasses public expenditure trends, future investment needs and sector performance reviews. It offers users the opportunity to view AICD results, download documents and materials, search databases and perform customized analysis.

Data cited at: The World Bank https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/ Topic: Africa's Infrastructure: Ports Publication: https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/dataset/africas-infrastructure-ports License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/   The Africa Infrastructure Country Diagnostic (AICD) has data collection and analysis on the status of the main network infrastructures. The AICD database provides cross-country data on network infrastructure for nine major sectors: air transport, information and communication technologies, irrigation, ports, power, railways, roads, water and sanitation. The indicators are defined as to cover key areas for policy making: affordability, access, pricing as well as institutional, fiscal and financial aspects. The analysis encompasses public expenditure trends, future investment needs and sector performance reviews. It offers users the opportunity to view AICD results, download documents and materials, search databases and perform customized analysis.

Data cited at: The World Bank https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/ Topic: Africa's Infrastructure: WSS Utility Publication: https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/dataset/africas-infrastructure-wss-utility License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/   The Africa Infrastructure Country Diagnostic (AICD) has data collection and analysis on the status of the main network infrastructures. The AICD database provides cross-country data on network infrastructure for nine major sectors: air transport, information and communication technologies, irrigation, ports, power, railways, roads, water and sanitation.

Africa's Power Infrastructure: Investment, Integration, Efficiency by Anton Eberhard, Orvika Rosnes, Maria Shkaratan, Haakon Vennemo and Published by the World Bank.

The primary World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially-recognized international sources. It presents the most current and accurate global development data available, and includes national, regional and global estimation and Data presented here include measures of agricultural inputs, outputs, and productivity compiled by the UN's Food and Agriculture Organization.

Data cited at: The World Bank https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/ Topic: All The Ginis Dataset Publication: https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/dataset/all-ginis-dataset License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/   This dataset includes combined and standardized Gini data from eight original sources: Luxembourg Income Study (LIS), Socio-Economic Database for Latin America (SEDLAC), Survey of Living Conditions (SILC) by Eurostat, World Income Distribution (WYD; the full data set is available here), World Bank Europe and Central Asia dataset, World Institute for Development Research (WIDER), World Bank Povcal, and Ginis from individual long-term inequality studies (just introduced in this version).

Data cited at: The World Bank https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/ Topic: Arab World Education Performance Indicators Publication: https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/dataset/arab-world-education-performance-indicators License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/   The Arab World Education Performance Indicators compiles data on education outcomes in 22 Arab States member countries in an aggregated and standardized manner. It allows users to compare the performance of each country along the following 6 important dimensions of education performance: access, equity, quality, efficiency, relevance, and Knowledge Economy readiness.

Armenia : Boost Public Expenditure Database

Note: No further updates planned by source Data cited at: The World Bank https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/ Topic: Jobs Publication: https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/dataset/jobs License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/   The World Bank Jobs Statistics Over 150 indicators on labor-related topics, covering over 200 economies from 1990 to present.

Climate Change Knowledge Portal, Temperature and Rainfall: Historical Data (CRU Observed)

Climate Change Knowledge Portal: CMIP6 Mean Projections

Data cited at: The World Bank  https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/ Topic:Climate Investment Funds – Clean Technology Fund (CTF) Results Data Publication: https://finances.worldbank.org/Projects/2019-Climate-Investment-Funds-Clean-Technology-Fun/kjmm-jfbk License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 

Data cited at: The World Bank http://financesapp.worldbank.org/en/ Topic: Contributions to Financial Intermediary Funds Publication: https://finances.worldbank.org/Trust-Funds-and-FIFs/Contributions-to-Financial-Intermediary-Funds/536v-dxib License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/   Financial Intermediary Funds (FIFs) are multilateral financing arrangements for which the World Bank provides Trustee services that include committing and transferring funds to project implementers (generally international organizations such as multilateral development banks or UN agencies). In all cases the World Bank as Trustee is required to act in accordance with instructions of independent governing bodies. In fulfilling its responsibilities, the World Bank as Trustee complies with all sanctions applicable to World Bank transactions. The innovative financing and governance arrangements of FIFs enable funds to be raised from multiple sources, including from sovereign and private sources. FIF structures are customizable. For instance FIFs have been customized to receive contributions in the form of concessional loans in addition to traditional grant funds, and can provide funding to recipients using customized financial products.

The World Bank's Country Policy and Institutional Assessment is done annually for all its borrowing countries. It has evolved into a set of criteria, which are grouped in four clusters: (a) economic management; (b) structural policies; (c) policies for social inclusion and equity; and (d) public sector management and institutions. The number of criteria, currently sixteen, reflect a balance between ensuring that all key factors that foster pro-poor growth and poverty alleviation are captured, without overly burdening the evaluation process. Ratings for each of the criteria reflect a variety of indicators, observations, and judgments. They focus on the quality of each country's current policies and institutions - which are the main determinant of present aid effectiveness prospects. To fully underscore the importance of the CPIA in the IDA Performance Based Allocations, the overall country score is referred to as the IDA Resource Allocation Index (IRAI)

Data cited at: The World Bank https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/ Topic: Crowd-Sourced Price Collection Publication: https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/dataset/crowd-sourced-price-collection License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/   The World Bank Pilot Study for Crowd-Sourced Price Data Collection through Mobile Phones combined the need for high-frequency data, recent developments in information and communication technologies, and power of crowd. Crowd-sourced data are data collected and reported by the user community using information and communication technologies. The objective of the pilot was to study the feasibility of crowd-sourced price data collection. Non-professional price collectors used personal computers and mobile phones for collecting data and entering it in a multilingual web microsite developed for the pilot. Price data was collected for thirty tightly specified food commodity items on a monthly basis for approximately six months in eight pilot countries. Non-professional price collectors received compensation in the form of airtime rewards.

Note: For latest data, please refer https://knoema.com/WBGEM2020Mar   Monthly average spot prices for West Texas Intermediate (WTI), U. K. Brent and average of WTI, Brent and Dubai crude, nominated in U. S. Dollar, Euro, British Pound, Japanese Yen, Chinese Yuan (Renminbi) and Indian Rupee. Based on data from the World Bank's Global Economic Monitor. Prices in foreign currencies are indicative and computed from the USD monthly average oil price and currency exchange rates monthly averages.   Data for the August 2015 are preliminary averages for the 2015-08-01 - 2015-08-14.

Data cited at: The World Bank https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/ Topic: East Asia And Pacific Economic Update Publication: https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/dataset/east-asia-and-pacific-economic-update License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/   The East Asia and Pacific Economic Update is the comprehensive, twice-yearly review of the region’s economies prepared by the East Asia and Pacific region of the World Bank. The report provides forward-looking analysis of the region's economic and social well-being, and includes data on key indicators for output, employment, prices, public sector, foreign trade, BOP, external debt and financial markets.

Data cited at: The World Bank https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/ Topic:Education Statistics Publication: https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/dataset/education-statistics License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/   The World Bank EdStats All Indicator Query holds over 4,000 internationally comparable indicators that describe education access, progression, completion, literacy, teachers, population, and expenditures. The indicators cover the education cycle from pre-primary to vocational and tertiary education.

1: Most surveys were administered using the Enterprise Surveys Global Methodology as outlined in the Methodology page, while some others did not strictly adhere to the Enterprise Surveys Global Methodology. For example, for surveys which do not follow the Global Methodology, the Universe under consideration may have consisted of only manufacturing firms or the questionnaire used may have been different from the standard global questionnaire. Data users should exercise caution when comparing raw data and point estimates between surveys that did and did not adhere to the Enterprise Surveys Global Methodology. For surveys which did not adhere to the Global Methodology plus Afghanistan 2008, any inference from one of these surveys is representative only for the data sample itself. 2: Regional and "all countries" averages of indicators are computed by taking a simple average of country-level point estimates. For each economy, only the latest available year of survey data is used in this computation. Only surveys, posted during the years 2009-2017, and adhering to the Enterprise Surveys Global Methodology are used to compute these regional and "all countries" averages. 3: Descriptions of firm subgroup levels, e.g. how the ex post groupings are constructed, are provided in the Indicator Descriptions (PDF, 710KB) document. 4: Statistics derived from less than or equal to five firms are displayed with an "n.a." to maintain confidentiality and should be distinguished from ".." which indicates missing values. Also note for three growth-related indicators under the "Performance" topic, these indicators are not computed when they are derived from less than 30 firms. 5: Standard errors are labeled "n.c.", meaning not computed, for the following:    1) indicators for all surveys that were not conducted using the Enterprise Surveys Global Methodology and    2) for indicator breakdowns by ex post groupings: exporter or ownership type, and gender of the top manager.

Data on WB external debt stock disaggregated by counterparty. This data was retrieved from WB IDS API and assembled by David Mihalyi and Balint Parragi. Source: WB IDS Statistics 2021. URL: https://datatopics.worldbank.org/debt/ids/ Date: March 2021. Please report any error or omission to [email protected] Sum_row values 0 Disaggregated by lender agency/country 1 Disaggregated by lender type 2 Total for each borrowing country

Data cited at: The World Bank https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/ Topic: Financial Intermediary Funds Funding Decisions  Publication: https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/dataset/financial-intermediary-funds-funding-decisions License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/   Financial Intermediary Funds (FIFs) are multilateral financing arrangements for which the World Bank provides Trustee services that include committing and transferring funds to project implementers (generally international organizations such as multilateral development banks or UN agencies). In all cases the World Bank as Trustee is required to act in accordance with instructions of independent governing bodies. In fulfilling its responsibilities, the World Bank as Trustee complies with all sanctions applicable to World Bank transactions. Funding Decisions represent amounts approved by the FIFs governing bodies for projects fees and administrative budgets. Funding to projects can be done through various financial products, including grants and concessional loans.

Data cited at: The World Bank https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/ Topic: Gender Statistics Publication: https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/dataset/gender-statistics License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Only the introduction or removal of an ETS or carbon tax is shown. The coverage of each carbon pricing initiative is presented as a share of annual global GHG emissions for 1990-2015 based on data from the Emission Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR) version 5.0 including biofuels emissions. From 2015 onwards, the share of global GHG emissions is based on 2015 emissions from EDGAR. The GHG emissions coverage for each jurisdiction is based on official government sources and/or estimates. If emissions that are covered by multiple carbon pricing initiatives shown in the graph, these are attributed to the carbon pricing initiative that was introduced first. Due to the dynamic approach to continuously improve data quality, changes to the graph do not only reflect new developments, but also corrections following new information from official government sources. The information on the China national ETS represents early unofficial estimates based on the announcement of China’s National Development and Reform Commission on the launch of the national ETS of December 2017.

Data cited at: The World Bank https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/ Topic: Global Bilateral Migration Database Publication: https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/dataset/global-bilateral-migration-database License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/   Global Bilateral Migration Database: Global matrices of bilateral migrant stocks spanning the period 1960-2000, disaggregated by gender and based primarily on the foreign-born concept are presented. Over one thousand census and population register records are combined to construct decennial matrices corresponding to the last five completed census rounds. For the first time, a comprehensive picture of bilateral global migration over the last half of the twentieth century emerges. The data reveal that the global migrant stock increased from 92 to 165 million between 1960 and 2000. South-North migration is the fastest growing component of international migration in both absolute and relative terms. The United States remains the most important migrant destination in the world, home to one fifth of the world’s migrants and the top destination for migrants from no less than sixty sending countries. Migration to Western Europe remains largely from elsewhere in Europe. The oil-rich Persian Gulf countries emerge as important destinations for migrants from the Middle East, North Africa and South and South-East Asia. Finally, although the global migrant stock is still predominantly male, the proportion of women increased noticeably between 1960 and 2000.

The Global Consumption Database is a one-stop source of data on household consumption patterns in developing countries. It is designed to serve a wide range of users—from researchers seeking data for analytical studies to businesses seeking a better understanding of the markets into which they are expanding or those they are already serving.   The data are based on national household surveys, which collect information for a group of households representative of the entire country. For each of the countries covered, the resulting datasets have been used to calculate the share of the population at different levels of consumption.   Four levels of consumption are used to segment the market in each country: lowest, low, middle, and higher. They are based on global income distribution data, which rank the global population by income per capita. The lowest consumption segment corresponds to the bottom half of the global distribution, or the 50th percentile and below; the low consumption segment to the 51th–75th percentiles; the middle consumption segment to the 76th–90th percentiles; and the higher consumption segment to the 91st percentile and above.   The Global Consumption Database is the most comprehensive data source to date on consumer spending patterns in developing countries. It builds on the 2007 report The Next 4 Billion, published by IFC (a member of the World Bank Group) and the World Resources Institute.

Data cited at: The World Bank https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/ Topic: Global Financial Development Publication: https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/dataset/global-financial-development License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/   The Global Financial Development Database is an extensive dataset of financial system characteristics for 206 economies. The database includes measures of (1) size of financial institutions and markets (financial depth), (2) degree to which individuals can and do use financial services (access), (3) efficiency of financial intermediaries and markets in intermediating resources and facilitating financial transactions (efficiency), and (4) stability of financial institutions and markets (stability).For a complete description of the dataset and a discussion of the underlying literature, see: Martin Cihak; Asli Demirguc-Kunt; Erik Feyen; and Ross Levine, 2012. "Benchmarking Financial Systems Around the World." World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 6175, World Bank, Washington, D.C.

Data cited at: The World Bank https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/ Topic: Global Financial Inclusion (Global Findex) Database Publication: https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/dataset/global-financial-inclusion-global-findex-database License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/   The Global Financial Inclusion Database provides 850+ country-level indicators of financial inclusion summarized for all adults and disaggregated by key demographic characteristics-gender, age, education, income, employment status and rural residence. Covering more than 140 economies, the indicators of financial inclusion measure how people save, borrow, make payments and manage risk. The reference citation for the data is: Demirgüç-Kunt, Asli, Leora Klapper, Dorothe Singer, Saniya Ansar, and Jake Hess. 2018. The Global Findex Database 2017: Measuring Financial Inclusion and the Fintech Revolution. World Bank: Washington, DC.

Financial inclusion is critical in reducing poverty and achieving inclusive economic growth. When people can participate in the financial system, they are better able to start and expand businesses, invest in their children’s education, and absorb financial shocks. Yet prior to 2011, little was known about the extent of financial inclusion and the degree to which such groups as the poor, women, and rural residents were excluded from formal financial systems.  The dataset help us to know about how adults around the world manage their day-to-day finances, the Global Findex allows policy makers, researchers, businesses, and development practitioners to track how the use of financial services has changed over time. The database can also be used to identify gaps in access to the formal financial system and design policies to expand financial inclusion.

GPSS data (Accounts & Access, retail payment transactions and RTGS transactions – volumes and values). The World Bank’s Global Payment Systems Survey (GPSS) surveys national and regional central banks and monetary authorities on the status of payment systems. The GPSS is the only global survey that combines quantitative and qualitative measures of payment system development and covers all aspects of national payment systems – from infrastructure and the legal and regulatory environment to technological and business model innovations, international remittances, and oversight framework. The GPSS aims to take an accurate snapshot of payment systems worldwide to obtain information on payment system reforms and the factors which hinder and/or facilitate them in order to help guide policy-dialogue at the international and national levels, and World Bank Group technical assistance. In April 2007, the World Bank launched the first Global Payment Systems Survey among national central banks to collect information on the situation of national payment and securities settlement systems worldwide and provide a payment systems snapshot of both advanced and emerging economies in order to identify main issues that should guide the agenda of authorities, multilateral and market players in the field over the next few years.

Data cited at: The World Bank https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/ Topic: GPE Results Forms Database Publication: https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/dataset/gpe-results-forms-database License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/   The data originate from the education goals of developing-country partners of the Global Partnership for Education (GPE). Indicators compare actual values observed against targets, as set in education sector plans, joint sector reviews, and GPE grant applications. Indicators present key education outcomes and service delivery data; domestic, external, and GPE financing; learning outcomes; the composition of the Local Education Groups; and aid effectiveness in the education sector.

Data cited at: "BOOST Public Expenditure Database, World Bank Group" Note: Commercial use of the data is prohibited. Guatemala: Boost Public Expenditure Database

Health Nutrition and Population Statistics database provides key health, nutrition and population statistics gathered from a variety of international and national sources. Themes include global surgery, health financing, HIV/AIDS, immunization, infectious diseases, medical resources and usage, noncommunicable diseases, nutrition, population dynamics, reproductive health, universal health coverage, and water and sanitation.

This dataset presents HNP data by wealth quintile since 1990s to present. It covers more than 70 indicators, including childhood diseases and interventions, nutrition, sexual and reproductive health, mortality, and other determinants of health, for more than 90 low- and middle-income countries. The data sources are Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) and Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS).

Data cited at: The World Bank https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/ Topic: Health Nutrition Population (HNP) Lending Publication: https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/dataset/health-nutrition-population-hnp-lending License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/   This dataset provides World Bank's IBRD/IDA lending for Health, Nutrition and Population (HNP) for the fiscal years 1970-2017.

Please check out latest data here: https://knoema.com/IMFEXRATE/imf-exchange-rates-daily-update   

Find the Detail Description for the Following Variables 1) WorldClim Bioclimatic Variables_1 - "WorldClim Bioclimatic Variables (Average annual temperature calculated from monthly climatology, multiplied by 10 (°C))" 2) WorldClim Bioclimatic Variables_2 - "WorldClim Bioclimatic Variables (Average temperature of the wettest quarter, from monthly climatology, multiplied by 10. (°C))" 3) WorldClim Bioclimatic Variables_3 - "WorldClim Bioclimatic Variables (Total annual precipitation, from monthly climatology (mm))" 4) WorldClim Bioclimatic Variables_4 - "WorldClim Bioclimatic Variables (Precipitation of wettest month, from monthly climatology (mm))" 5) WorldClim Bioclimatic Variables_5 - "WorldClim Bioclimatic Variables (Precipitation of wettest quarter, from monthly climatology (mm))" 6) Rainfall Estimates (RFE)_1 - "Rainfall Estimates (RFE) (Average 12-month total rainfall (mm) for Jan-Dec)" 7) Rainfall Estimates (RFE)_2 - "Rainfall Estimates (RFE)(Average total rainfall in wettest quarter (mm) within 12-month periods from Jan-Dec)" 8) Rainfall Estimates (RFE)_3 - "Rainfall Estimates (RFE) (Average start of wettest quarter in dekads 1-36, where first dekad of Jan =1)" 9) Rainfall Estimates (RFE)_4 - "Rainfall Estimates (RFE) (12-month total rainfall (mm) in Jan-Dec, starting January 2012 )" 10) Rainfall Estimates (RFE)_5 - "Rainfall Estimates (RFE) (Total rainfall in wettest quarter (mm) within 12- month periods starting January 2012 )" 11) Rainfall Estimates (RFE)_6 - "Rainfall Estimates (RFE) (Start of wettest quarter in dekads 1-36, where first dekad of January 2012 =1)" 12) MOD12Q2 Land Cover Dynamics (PHENOLOGY)_1 - "MOD12Q2 Land Cover Dynamics (PHENOLOGY ) (Average total change in greenness (integral of daily EVI values) within growing season, averaged by state)" 13) MOD12Q2 Land Cover Dynamics (PHENOLOGY)_2 - "MOD12Q2 Land Cover Dynamics (PHENOLOGY ) (Average EVI value at peak of greenness, averaged by state)" 14) MOD12Q2 Land Cover Dynamics (PHENOLOGY)_3 - "MOD12Q2 Land Cover Dynamics (PHENOLOGY ) (Average timing of onset of greenness increase in day of year 1-356, within early growing season, averagedby state)" 15) MOD12Q2 Land Cover Dynamics (PHENOLOGY)_4 - "MOD12Q2 Land Cover Dynamics (PHENOLOGY )(Average timing of onset of greenness decrease in day of year 1-356, within growing season, averaged by state)" 16) MOD12Q2 Land Cover Dynamics (PHENOLOGY)_5 - "MOD12Q2 Land Cover Dynamics (PHENOLOGY ) (Total change in greenness (integral of daily EVI values) within growing season of 2012, averaged by state)" 17) MOD12Q2 Land Cover Dynamics (PHENOLOGY)_6 - "MOD12Q2 Land Cover Dynamics (PHENOLOGY )(EVI value at peak of greenness within growing season of 2012, averaged by state )" 18) MOD12Q2 Land Cover Dynamics (PHENOLOGY)_7 - "MOD12Q2 Land Cover Dynamics (PHENOLOGY ) (Onset of greenness increase in day of year 1-356, within growing season of 2012, averaged by state)" 19) MOD12Q2 Land Cover Dynamics (PHENOLOGY)_8 - "MOD12Q2 Land Cover Dynamics (PHENOLOGY ) (Onset of greenness decrease in day of year 1-356, within growing season of 2012, averaged by state )"

Data cited at: The World Bank http://financesapp.worldbank.org/en/ Topic: IBRD Statement Of Loans - Historical Data Publication: https://finances.worldbank.org/Loans-and-Credits/IBRD-Statement-Of-Loans-Historical-Data/zucq-nrc3/data License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/   The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) loans are public and publicly guaranteed debt extended by the World Bank Group. IBRD loans are offered at market rates and are guaranteed by member countries. IBRD may also make loans to IFC. Data are in U.S. dollars calculated using historical rates. This dataset contains historical snapshots of the Statement of Loans including the latest available snapshots. Region: World Bank Region to which the country and loan belong. Country lending is grouped into regions based on the current World Bank administrative (rather than geographic) region where project implementation takes place. The “Other”” Region is used for loans to the IFC. Country Code: Country Code according to the World Bank country list. This might be different from the ISO country code Country: Country to which a loan has been issued. Loans to the IFC are included under the country “World” Borrower: The representative of the borrower to which the Bank loan is made. Guarantor Country Code: Country Code of the Guarantor according to the World Bank country list. This might be different from the ISO country code. Guarantor: The Guarantor guarantees repayment to the Bank if the borrower does not repay Loan Type: A type of loan/loan instrument for which distinctive accounting and/or other actions need to be performed. Loan Type Descriptions:B Loan –Co-financing lending product that includes Contingency and Regular loans and guaranteesPool loan- Currency Pooled LoansFSL - Fixed Spread Loans (includes both fixed spread loans and IBRD flexible loans that have either fixed spread or variable spread terms)IFC loan – single currency loans to the IFCNon Pool - Original IBRD lending product, prior to currency pooled loans.Sngl crncy - - Single Currency LoansSCP USD - Single Currency Pooled Loans – USDSCP - DEM - Single Currency Pooled Loans – EURSCP JPY - Single Currency Pooled Loans – JPY Loan Status:APPROVED - Loan has been approved by the BankSIGNED - Loan has been signed by both partiesEFFECTIVE - Loan has been made effective in accordance with the terms of the legal agreementDISBURSING - Loan is disbursingDISBURSED - Loan has no undisbursed balanceREPAID - Loan has been fully repaidCANCELLED - Entire loan principal has been cancelledTERMINATED - Unsigned loan that has been cancelled in full Interest Rate: Current Interest rate or service charge applied to loan. For loans that could have more than one interest rate (e.g. FSL or SCL fixed rate loans), the interest rate is shown as “0” Currency of Commitment: The currency in which a borrower’s loan, credit or grant is denominated. Original Principal Amount: The original US dollar amount of the loan that is committed and approved Cancelled Amount: The portion of the undisbursed balance which has been cancelled (i.e. no longer available for future disbursement). Cancellations include terminations (where approved loan agreements were never signed). Undisbursed Amount: The amount of a loan commitment that is still available to be drawn down. These currency amounts have been converted to US dollars at the exchange rates applicable at the end of period date. Disbursed Amount: The amount that has been disbursed from a loan commitment in equivalent US dollars, calculated at the exchange rate on the value date of the individual disbursements. Repaid to IBRD: Total principal amounts paid or prepaid to IBRD in US dollars, calculated at the exchange rate on the value date of the individual repayments. Due to IBRD: Where the exchange adjustment is shown separately, this is the amount disbursed and outstanding expressed as a stock of debt in historical US Dollars. Where the exchange adjustment is not shown separately, this is the amount due and outstanding as of the End of Period date. Exchange Adjustment: The increase (decrease) in value of disbursed and outstanding amount due to exchange rate fluctuations. This amount added to “Due to IBRD” yields “Borrower’s Obligation”; includes exchange adjustments on the amounts Due to 3rd parties. Borrower's Obligation: The Borrower Obligation is the outstanding balance for the loan as of the end of period date in US dollars equivalent. The Borrower's Obligation includes the amounts outstanding Due to 3rd parties. Sold 3rd Party: Portion of loan sold to a third party, Repaid 3rd Party: Amount repaid to a third party, Due 3rd Party: Amount due to a third party Loans Held: The sum of the disbursed and outstanding amounts (net of repayments, i.e. Due to IBRD/IDA) plus undisbursed available amounts. First Repayment Date: The date on which principal repayment starts. Last Repayment Date: The date specified in the loan/credit agreement (amended for any partial prepayments) on which the last principal installment must be repaid by the Borrower. Agreement Signing Date: The date the borrower and the Bank sign the loan agreement. Board Approval Date: The date the World Bank approves the loan. Effective Date: The date on which a legal agreement becomes effective, or is expected to become effective Close Date: The date specified in the legal agreement (or extension) after which the Bank may, by notice to the borrower, terminate the right to make withdrawals from the loan account. Last Disbursement Date: The date on which the last disbursement was made (prior to the end of period date). End of Period: End of Period Date represents the date as of which balances are shown in the report. Loan Number: For IBRD loans and IDA credits or grants a loan number consists of the organization prefix (IBRD/IDA) and a five-character label that uniquely identifies the loan within the organization. In IDA, all grant labels start with the letter ‘H’. Project ID: A Bank project is referenced by a project ID (Pxxxxxxx). More than one loan, credit, or grant may be associated with one Project ID.

Data cited at: The World Bank http://financesapp.worldbank.org/en/ Topic: IBRD Statement of Loans - Latest Available Snapshot Publication: https://finances.worldbank.org/Loans-and-Credits/IBRD-Statement-of-Loans-Latest-Available-Snapshot/sfv5-tf7p License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) is a debt repaturer of the World Bank Group.IBRD loans are made to, or guaranteed by, countries that are members of IBRD. IBRD can also make loans to IFC. IBRD reads at market rates. Data are in US dollars calculated using historical rates.This dataset contains the latest available snapshot of the Statement of Loans. The World Bank complies with all sanctions applicable to World Bank transactions.Interest Rate: Current Interest rate or service charge applied to loan. For example, the interest rate is shown as "0" for FSL or SCL fixed rate loans.

Data cited at: The World Bank http://financesapp.worldbank.org/en/ Topic: IDA Condensed Income Statement Publication: https://finances.worldbank.org/Financial-Reporting/IDA-Condensed-Income-Statement/bbpv-ygrh License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/   Provides quarterly updates for IDA Condensed Income Statement. Amount (US$, Millions) Note: Sep = Q1 and Jun = Q4 and annual.

Data cited at: The World Bank https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/ Topic: IDA Results Measurement System Publication: https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/dataset/ida-results-measurement-system License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/   The IDA Results Measurement System dataset measures progress on aggregate outcomes for IDA countries for selected indicators. It includes key country outcome indicators covering areas that are consistent with the Millennium Development Goals, are priorities in many national development plans and/or poverty reduction strategies, and reflect IDA's activities in IDA countries. The indicators capture both the economic growth and the human development priorities of ongoing IDA programs.

Data cited at:  The World Bank http://financesapp.worldbank.org/en/ Topic:  IDA Statement of Credits and Grants - Latest Available Snapshot Publication:  https://finances.worldbank.org/Loans-and-Credits/IDA-Statement-of-Credits-and-Grants-Latest-Availab/ebmi-69yj/data License:  https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/  TRANSLATE with xEnglishArabicHebrewPolishBulgarianHindiPortugueseCatalanHmong DawRomanianChinese SimplifiedHungarianRussianChinese TraditionalIndonesianSlovakCzechItalianSlovenianDanishJapaneseSpanishDutchKlingonSwedishEnglishKoreanThaiEstonianLatvianTurkishFinnishLithuanianUkrainianFrenchMalayUrduGermanMalteseVietnameseGreekNorwegianWelshHaitian CreolePersian  TRANSLATE with COPY THE URL BELOW BackEMBED THE SNIPPET BELOW IN YOUR SITEEnable collaborative features and customize widget: Bing Webmaster PortalBack

Member countries are allocated votes at the time of membership and subsequently for additional subscriptions to capital. Votes are allocated differently in each organization. Each member receives the votes it is allocated under IDA replenishments according to the rules established in each IDA replenishment resolution. Votes consist of subscription votes and membership votes.

This database underpins the analysis in the report “More Power to India: The Challenge of Electricity Distribution”. The database is a collection of primary and secondary data on the Indian power sector, collected at the utility and state levels. It covers 87 power utilities and 29 states and spreads over the years 2003 to 2011 across dimensions such as operational and financial performance, market structure, implementation of reforms and corporate and regulatory governance.

Data cited at: The World Bank https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/ Topic: Indonesia Database For Policy And Economic Research Publication: https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/dataset/indonesia-database-policy-and-economic-research License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/   The Indonesia Database for Policy and Economic Research (INDO-DAPOER) contains relevant economic and social indicators at the province- and district-level, which span across four main categories: fiscal, economic, social and demographic, as well as infrastructure.

Purchasing Power Parities and the Real Size of World Economies. A Comprehensive Report of the 2011 International Comparison Program

Data cited at: The World Bank https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/ Topic: International Debt Statistics Publication: https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/dataset/international-debt-statistics License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/   Focuses on financial flows, trends in external debt, and other major financial indicators for low- and middle-income countries. Includes over 200 time series indicators from 1970 to 2016, for most reporting countries, and pipeline data for scheduled debt service payments on existing commitments to 2024. Note: Total reserves in months of imports=(Total reserves/Total Imports)*12

Data cited at: The World Bank https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/ Topic: ESCAP-World Bank: International Trade Costs Publication: https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/dataset/escap-world-bank-international-trade-costs License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/   The Trade Costs Dataset provides estimates of bilateral trade costs in agriculture and manufactured goods for the 1995-2015 period. It is built on trade and production data collected in 178 countries. Symmetric bilateral trade costs are computed using the Inverse Gravity Framework (Nov. 2009), which estimates trade costs for each country pair using bilateral trade and gross national output. Trade costs are available for two sectors: trade in manufactured goods, and agriculture. Energy is excluded.

Internet users are individuals who have used the Internet (from any location) in the last 3 months. The Internet can be used via a computer, mobile phone, personal digital assistant, games machine, digital TV etc.

World Bank's data in regards to energy usage in Japan.

The Joint External Debt Hub (JEDH) -jointly developed by the Bank for International Settlements (BIS), the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) and the World Bank (WB) -brings together external debt data and selected foreign assets from international creditor / market and national debtor sources. The JEDH replaces the Joint BIS-IMF-OECD-WB Statistics on External Debt, a website that was launched in 1999 to provide international data, mainly from creditor sources, on the external debt of developing and transition countries and territories.

Data cited at: The World Bank https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/ Topic: Kenya BOOST Public Expenditure Database Publication: https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/dataset/kenya-boost-public-expenditure-database License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/   Kenya : Boost Public Expenditure Database Note: Totals include Appropriations-in-Aid (A-in-A) and below the line items. When reviewing expenditures, A-in-A must be filtered out in order to avoid double counting. Similarly, below the line (debt redemption) should be filtered out if interested only in above the line items.

Kiribati : Boost Public Expenditure Database

The World Bank’s Knowledge Assessment Methodology (KAM: www.worldbank.org/kam) is an online interactive tool that produces the Knowledge Economy Index (KEI)–an aggregate index representing a country’s or region’s overall preparedness to compete in the Knowledge Economy (KE). The KEI is based on a simple average of four subindexes, which represent the four pillars of the knowledge economy:  Economic Incentive and Institutional Regime (EIR)  Innovation and Technological Adoption  Education and Training  Information and Communications Technologies (ICT) Infrastructure The EIR comprises incentives that promote the efficient use of existing and new knowledge and the flourishing of entrepreneurship. An efficient innovation system made up of firms, research centers, universities, think tanks, consultants, and other organizations can tap into the growing stock of global knowledge, adapt it to local needs, and create new technological solutions. An educated and appropriately trained population is capable of creating, sharing, and using knowledge. A modern and accessible ICT infrastructure serves to facilitate the effective communication, dissemination, and processing of information.

The Logistics Performance Index overall score reflects assessments of a country's logistics based on efficiency of the customs clearance process, quality of trade- and transport-related infrastructure, ease of arranging competitively priced shipments, quality of logistics services, ability to track and trace consignments, and frequency with which shipments reach the consignee within the scheduled time. The index ranges from 1 to 5, with a higher score representing better performance. Data are from Logistics Performance Index surveys conducted by the World Bank in partnership with academic and international institutions and private companies and individuals engaged in international logistics. 2011 round of surveys covered more than 6,000 country assessments by nearly 1,000 international freight forwarders. Respondents evaluated eight markets on six core dimensions using a scale from 1 (worst) to 5 (best). The markets are chosen based on the most important export and import markets of the respondent's country, random selection, and, for landlocked countries, neighboring countries that connect them with international markets. Scores for the six areas are averaged across all respondents and aggregated to a single score using principal components analysis. Details of the survey methodology and index construction methodology are in Connecting to Compete 2012: Trade Logistics in the Global Economy (2012).

The latest indicator is available here: https://knoema.com/WBCFPD2021OCT/world-bank-commodity-forecast-price-data-october-2021 Inflation Indices, 2010=100, MUV US GDP Deflator  

Mexico: Boost Public Expenditure Database

Data cited at: The World Bank https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/ Topic: Millennium Development Goals Publication: https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/dataset/millennium-development-goals License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/   Relevant indicators drawn from the World Development Indicators, reorganized according to the goals and targets of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). The MDGs focus the efforts of the world community on achieving significant, measurable improvements in people's lives by the year 2015: they establish targets and yardsticks for measuring development results. Gender Parity Index (GPI)= Value of indicator for Girls/ Value of indicator for Boys. For e.g GPI=School enrolment for Girls/School enrolment for Boys. A value of less than one indicates differences in favor of boys, whereas a value near one (1) indicates that parity has been more or less achieved. The greater the deviation from 1 greater the disparity is.

Minas Gerais (Brazil) : Boost Public Expenditure Database

Data cited at:  The World Bank  https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/ Topic: Moldova BOOST Public Expenditure Database Publication: h ttps: //datacatalog.worldbank.org/dataset/moldova-boost-public-expenditure-database License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/   Moldova: Boost Public Expenditure Database

Poland : Boost Public Expenditure Database

Data cited at: The World Bank https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/ Topic: Population Estimates And Projections Publication: https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/dataset/population-estimates-and-projections License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/   This database presents population and other demographic estimates and projections from 1960 to 2050. They are disaggregated by age-group and sex and covers more than 200 economies.

Recommended Citation:  World Development Indicators, The World Bank World: Population Ranking

The World Bank updated the global poverty lines in September 2022. The Poverty data are now expressed in 2017 Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) prices, versus 2011 PPP in previous editions. The new global poverty lines of $2.15, $3.65, and $6.85 reflect the typical national poverty lines of low-income, lower-middle-income, and upper-middle-income countries in 2017 prices.

The Private Participation in Infrastructure Projects Database is a product of the World Bank’s Public Private Partnership Group. Its purpose is to identify and disseminate information on private participation in infrastructure projects in low- and middle-income countries. The database highlights the contractual arrangements used to attract private investment, the sources and destination of investment flows, and information on the main investors. By providing critical data and analysis to government policy-makers, consumer representatives, the donor community, and other stakeholders, the database contributes to the public debate on the private provision of infrastructure. The site currently provides information on more than 6,400 infrastructure projects dating from 1984 to H1 2016 and is updated with last year’s data six months after year-end. It contains over 50 fields per project record, including country, financial closure year, infrastructure services provided, type of private participation, technology, capacity, project location, private sponsors, private debt providers and development bank support. The database represents the best efforts of a research team to compile publicly available information on those projects, and should not be seen as a fully comprehensive resource. Some projects — particularly those involving local and small scale operators — tend to be omitted because they are usually not reported by major news sources, databases, government websites, and other sources used the PPI Projects database.

Privatization Database provides information on privatization transactions of at least US$1 million in developing countries from 2000 to 2008. Prior to this effort the most comprehensive information could be found in the World Bank’s Privatization Transactions database, which covered the years 1988 through 1999.

Data cited at: The World Bank https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/ Topic:Quarterly External Debt Statistics GDDS Publication: https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/dataset/quarterly-external-debt-statistics-gdds License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/   The World Bank launched the new Quarterly External Debt Statistics (QEDS) GDDS database. This database is consistent with the classifications and definitions of the 2013 External Debt Statistics: Guide for Compilers and Users (2013 EDS Guide) and Sixth Edition of Balance of Payments and International Investment Position Manual (BPM6). The QEDS GDDS database provides external debt data, starting from 2002Q4, for an extension of countries that participate in the IMF's General Data Dissemination System (GDDS).

Data cited at: The World Bank https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/ Topic:Quarterly External Debt Statistics SDDS Publication: https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/dataset/quarterly-external-debt-statistics-sdds License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/   In October 2014, the World Bank launched the new Quarterly External Debt Statistics (QEDS) SDDS database. This database is consistent with the classifications and definitions of the 2013 External Debt Statistics: Guide for Compilers and Users (2013 EDS Guide) and Sixth Edition of Balance of Payments and International Investment Position Manual (BPM6). The QEDS SDDS database provides detailed external debt data starting from 1998Q1. Data are published individually by countries that subscribe to the IMF’s Special Data Dissemination Standard (SDDS), as well as, GDDS participating countries that are in a position to produce the external debt data prescribed by the SDDS.

Data cited at: The World Bank https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/ Topic:Quarterly Public Sector Debt Publication: https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/dataset/quarterly-public-sector-debt License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/   Quarterly Public Sector Debt (QPSD) database, jointly developed by the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund, brings together detailed public sector debt data of selected countries. The QPSD database includes country and cross-country tables, and specific public debt components. The data represent the following sectors on an as-available basis: General government; otherwise Central government; otherwise Budgetary central government; Non Financial public corporations and Financial public corporations and a table presenting the total public sector debt.

Data cited at: The World Bank https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/ Topic: Remittance Prices Worldwide Publication: https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/dataset/remittance-prices-worldwide License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/   Provides data on the cost of sending and receiving relatively small amounts of money from one country to another. Data cover 365 "country corridors" worldwide, from 48 remittance sending countries to 105 receiving countries.

Note: Nominal prices on April, 01 2021 Prices are not necessarily comparable between carbon pricing initiatives because of differences in the number of sectors covered and allocation methods applied, specific exemptions, and different compensation methods. Due to the dynamic approach to continuously improve data quality and fluctuating exchange rates, data of different years may not always be comparable and could be amended following new information from official government sources. In addition, data for a limited number of initiatives may be incomplete as they are in the process of being validated and will be updated following confirmation from official government sources. 

Data cited at: The World Bank https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/ Topic: Services Trade Restrictions Database Publication: https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/dataset/services-trade-restrictions-database License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ The Services Trade Restrictions Database collects information on applied services trade policies across 103 countries, 18 services sectors (covering telecommunications, finance, transportation, retail and professional services) and key modes of service supply. It contains qualitative policy information as well as a preliminary quantification of applied measures' restrictiveness. Data Coverage 2012-2016

Seychelles : Boost Public Expenditure Database

Solomon Islands : Boost Public Expenditure Database

For Detailed Methodology, please check here: https://datatopics.worldbank.org/statisticalcapacity/SCIdashboard.aspx

Data cited at:  The World Bank  https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/ Topic: Subnational Malnutrition Database Publication:  https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/dataset/subnational-malnutrition-database License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/   Subnational estimates of child malnutrition (prevalence for stunting, underweight, overweight, wasting and severe wasting indicators) using available data up to 2012.

The Exporter Dynamics Database is the first database providing measures of exporter characteristics and dynamics in 45 countries across all geographic regions and income levels. The Database contains close to 100 measures covering the basic characteristics of exporters, their distribution by size, the diversification in their products and markets, their dynamics in terms of entry, exit and survival, and the average unit prices of the goods they trade. The Exporter Dynamics Database Country-Year-Product HS4 provides these measures at the exporting country-year-HS 4-digit product level (based on a consolidated HS 4-digit classification). 

The Exporter Dynamics Database is the first database providing measures of exporter characteristics and dynamics in 45 countries across all geographic regions and income levels. The Database contains close to 100 measures covering the basic characteristics of exporters, their distribution by size, the diversification in their products and markets, their dynamics in terms of entry, exit and survival, and the average unit prices of the goods they trade. The Exporter Dynamics Database Country-Year-Product HS6 provides these measures at the exporting country-year-HS 6-digit product level (based on a consolidated HS 6-digit classification).

Togo : Boost Public Expenditure Database

Data cited at: The World Bank https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/ Topic:Wealth Accounting Publication: https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/dataset/wealth-accounting License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/   The wealth accounting approach provides two related sets of information: comprehensive wealth accounts (a stock measure in total and per capita values), and adjusted net saving (a flow measure). The wealth accounts were updated in 2018, using a new methodology described in The Changing Wealth of Nations 2018.

Data cited at: “World Bank. 2021. Women, Business and the Law 2021. Washington, DC: World Bank. © World Bank. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/35094 License: CC BY 3.0 IGO.” By developing a time series and further researching the interaction between inequality of opportunity for women and labor market dynamics, the World Bank's Women, Business and the Law project strengthens insights into how women’s employment and entrepreneurship are affected by legal gender discrimination, and in turn how this affects economic outcomes. Business and the Law (WBL) data for 190 economies for 1970 to 2020 (reporting years 1971 to 2021). Data is provided for 35 data points across 8 scored indicators. The WBL index scores are based on the average of each economy’s scores for the 8 topics included in this year’s aggregate score. A higher score indicates more gender equal laws. The scores for previous years have been recalculated to account for data revisions and methodology changes. Please note that in previous editions, the dataset disaggregated restrictions listed for married and unmarried women. However, most of the restrictions found apply to married women only. Exceptions remain for: - Can a woman travel outside the country in the same way as a man? (Sudan has restrictions for both married and unmarried women.) - Can a woman be "head of household" or "head of family" in the same way as a man? (Sudan has restrictions for both married and unmarried women.) This file also includes additional unscored data points to give further details or context; such unscored data points are according to the legend below. For more information about the methodology for data collection, scoring and analysis, check out our website at http://wbl.worldbank.org.

The Investing Across Borders (IAB) indicators assess laws, regulations, and practices that affect foreign direct investment (FDI). The project’s methodology is based on that of the World Bank Group’s Doing Business project. The indicators highlight differences among countries in their regulatory treatment of FDI to identify good practices, facilitate learning opportunities, stimulate reforms, and provide annual cross-country data for research and analysis. The indicators are based on a survey of lawyers, professional service providers (mainly accounting and consulting firms), investment promotion institutions, chambers of commerce, law professors, and other expert respondents in the countries covered. For the IAB 2010 report, more than 2,350 respondents were surveyed in 87 economies (27 per country, on average) between April and December 2009. List of all respondents is available under the local partners.

Data cited at: The World Bank https://www.worldbank.org/en/about/annual-report#anchor-annual- Topic: The World Bank Annual Report 2022- Publication:  https://www.worldbank.org/en/about/annual-report#anchor-annual- License:  https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ Notes: The Annual Report is prepared by the Executive Directors of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) and the International Development Association (IDA) - collectively known as the World Bank - in accordance with the by-laws of the two institutions. The President of the IBRD and IDA and the Chairman of the Board of Executive Directors submits the Report, together with the accompanying administrative budgets and audited financial statements, to the Board of Governors.

Data cited at: The World Bank https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/ Topic: Commodity Price Data (Pink Sheet) Publication: http://www.worldbank.org/en/research/commodity-markets License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/   The World Bank monitors major commodity markets important to the developing countries. Monthly prices for over 70 series are published at the beginning of each month. Price forecasts for the next 10 years are published on a quarterly basis. A comprehensive review of commodity markets is published four times a year, January, April, July, and October. The Pink Sheet for each month contains the prices from the previous month. The commodity price indices were rebased to 2010 = 100 in December 2013. Abbreviations: $ = US dollar, bbl = barrel, cum = cubic meter, dmt = dry metric ton, kg = kilogram, mmbtu = million British thermal units, mt = metric ton, toz = troy oz.

The ease of doing business score helps assess the absolute level of regulatory performance over time. It captures the gap of each economy from the best regulatory performance observed on each of the indicators across all economies in the Doing Business sample since 2005. One can both see the gap between a particular economy’s performance and the best performance at any point in time and assess the absolute change in the economy’s regulatory environment over time as measured by Doing Business. An economy’s ease of doing business score is reflected on a scale from 0 to 100, where 0 represents the lowest and 100 represents the best performance. For example, an ease of doing business score of 75 in Doing Business 2019 means an economy was 25 percentage points away from the best regulatory performance constructed across all economies and across time. A score of 80 in Doing Business 2020 would indicate the economy is improving   NOTE- The source discontinued this dataset; Reference-Doing Business Legacy (worldbank.org)

Data cited at: The World Bank https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/ Topic:Global Economic Prospects Publication: http://www.worldbank.org/en/publication/global-economic-prospects License:  https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/    World Bank forecasts on real GDP growth for the world economy, main regions and countries from Jan-2014 to Jan-2015 from the Global Economic Prospects reports

Data cited at: The World Bank https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/ Topic: Global Economic Monitor Publication: https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/dataset/global-economic-monitor License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/   The dataset Provides daily updates of global economic developments, with coverage of high income- as well as developing countries. Average period data updates are provided for exchange rates, equity markets, interest rates, stripped bond spreads, and emerging market bond indices. Monthly data coverage (updated daily and populated upon availability) is provided for consumer prices, high-tech market indicators, industrial production and merchandise trade.

Global growth is projected to slow to its third-weakest pace in nearly three decades, overshadowed only by the 2009 and 2020 global recessions. Investment growth in emerging market and developing economies is predicted to remain below its average rate of the past two decades. In his Foreword, World Bank Group President David Malpass emphasizes that the crisis facing development is intensifying. The latest growth forecasts indicate a sharp, long-lasting slowdown and the deterioration is broad-based: in virually all regions of the world, per-captia income growth will be slower than it was during the decade before Covid-19.

Data cited at: The World Bank https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/ Topic: World Bank Projects & Operations Publication: https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/dataset/world-bank-projects-operations License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Climate change is expected to hit developing countries the hardest. Its effects—higher temperatures, changes in precipitation patterns, rising sea levels, and more frequent weather-related disasters—pose risks for agriculture, food, and water supplies. At stake are recent gains in the fight against poverty, hunger and disease, and the lives and livelihoods of billions of people in developing countries. Addressing climate change requires unprecedented global cooperation across borders. The World Bank Group is helping support developing countries and contributing to a global solution, while tailoring our approach to the differing needs of developing country partners. Data here cover climate systems, exposure to climate impacts, resilience, greenhouse gas emissions, and energy use. Other indicators relevant to climate change are found under other data pages, particularly Environment, Agriculture & Rural Development, Energy & Mining, Health, Infrastructure, Poverty, and Urban Development.

Data cited at: The World Bank https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/ Topic: Comparative Advantage, International Trade, And Fertility Publication: https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/dataset/comparative-advantage-international-trade-and-fertility License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/   The paper associated with this dataset analyzes theoretically and empirically the impact of comparative advantage in international trade on fertility. It builds a model in which industries differ in the extent to which they use female relative to male labor and countries are characterized by Ricardian comparative advantage in either female labor or male labor intensive goods. The values of "Share of Female Workers in Total Employment by Sectors" are reported for the full country sample, and OECD and non-OECD separately. The values of "Female Labor Needs of Exports" by country and 5-year interval. The "Year" denotes the beginning of a 5-year period, i.e., year = 1960 denotes an average over 1960-1964

Data cited at: The World Bank https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/ Topic: Content Of Deep Trade Agreements Publication: https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/dataset/content-deep-trade-agreements License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/   The dataset on the content of preferential trade agreements (PTAs) maps 52 provisions in 279 PTAs notified at WTO signed between 1958 and 2015. It also includes information about legal enforceability of each provision. The “Trade Agreements” file lists all the agreements available (279) with the coding of 52 provisions. The name and description of all variables is listed in the “read me” sheet. The “read me” sheet also explain the coding of legal enforceability. The “Bilateral Observations” file is a bilateral version of the dataset. Each observation is a country pair-year-agreement. Notice that some country-pairs appear multiple times in certain years if they have more than one agreement in force in that year. For example Angola and DRC in 2000 were in COMESA and SADC. The variables are the same as in the excel files. Important notice: The Bilateral Observations file excludes Partial Scope Agreements (PSA).

Data cited at: The World Bank https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/ Topic:Financial Intermediary Funds Cash Transfers  Publication: https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/dataset/financial-intermediary-funds-cash-transfers License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/   Financial Intermediary Funds (FIFs) are multilateral financing arrangements for which the World Bank provides Trustee services that include committing and transferring funds to project implementers (generally international organizations such as multilateral development banks or UN agencies). In all cases the World Bank as Trustee is required to act in accordance with instructions of independent governing bodies. In fulfilling its responsibilities, the World Bank as Trustee complies with all sanctions applicable to World Bank transactions. This dataset provides data on FIFs cash transfers at the transaction detail level. Funds are channeled in a coordinated manner to a range of recipients in the public and private sectors through a variety of arrangements. FIF trusteeship involves holding, investing and transferring funds as directed by the FIF governing body. Trusteeship does not involve overseeing or supervising the use of funds; this is the role of other agencies that receive the funding and who are responsible for project or program implementation. Transfers are generally made by the Trustee to external agencies (other MDBs, UN agencies, etc.) for the implementation of activities. Data is updated as of 12/31/2013. No further updates are planned for this particular dataset.

Data cited at: The World Bank https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/ Topic: Financial Intermediary Funds Commitments Publication: https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/dataset/financial-intermediary-funds-commitments License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/   Financial Intermediary Funds (FIFs) are multilateral financing arrangements for which the World Bank provides Trustee services that include committing and transferring funds to project implementers (generally international organizations such as multilateral development banks or UN agencies). In all cases the World Bank as Trustee is required to act in accordance with instructions of independent governing bodies. In fulfilling its responsibilities, the World Bank as Trustee complies with all sanctions applicable to World Bank transactions. This dataset provides data on legal obligations to pay recipients of FIFs. Data is updated as of 12/31/2013. No further updates are planned for this particular dataset please visit: http://fiftrustee.worldbank.org

The G20 Basic Set of Financial Inclusion data repository includes detailed data from users and providers of financial services. The Basic Set measures both access to financial services (“supply-side” data) and usage of services (“demand-side” data). The Basic Set covers both individuals and small and medium sized enterprises (SME’s) and includes data from three sources and 192 countries. The five basic set indicators are as follows: 1.The percentage of adults with a formal account; 2. The percentage of adults that use formal credit; 3. The percentage of SME’s with a formal account; 4. The percentage of SME’s that use formal credit; and 5. Bank branch penetration.

Provides data from the IDA Statement of Cash Flows for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2010, June 30, 2009 and June 30, 2008. Sum of all cash flows represent the net changes in unrestricted cash.The values are expressed in millions of U.S. Dollars.

Data cited at: The World Bank https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/ Topic: Open Financial Data Demand Nano-Survey Responses Publication: https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/dataset/open-financial-data-demand-nano-survey-responses License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/   This dataset contains raw response data to a nano-survey that was conducted in Indonesia and Kenya on the demand for open financial data. You can read more about the project here: (http://bit.ly/OpenDemand). A nano-survey is an innovative technology that extends a brief survey to a random sampling of internet users. Note: "NA" indicates "No Answer."

Data cited at: The World Bank https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/ Topic: Service Delivery Indicators Publication: https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/dataset/service-delivery-indicators License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/   The Service Delivery Indicators program is an application of the principles of the 2004 World Development Report Making Services Work for Poor People. The Service Delivery Indicators project is a new Africa-wide initiative that tracks service delivery in education and health across countries and over time.

Data cited at: The World Bank https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/ Topic: Sustainable Energy For All Publication: https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/dataset/sustainable-energy-all License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/   The “Sustainable Energy for all (SE4ALL)” initiative, launched in 2010 by the UN Secretary General, established three global objectives to be accomplished by 2030: to ensure universal access to modern energy services, to double the global rate of improvement in global energy efficiency, and to double the share of renewable energy in the global energy mix. SE4ALL database supports this initiative and provides country level historical data for access to electricity and non-solid fuel; share of renewable energy in total final energy consumption by technology; and energy intensity rate of improvement.

The primary World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially-recognized international sources. It presents the most current and accurate global development data available, and includes national, regional and global estimates

Data cited at: The World Bank https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/ Topic: World Report On Disability Publication: https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/dataset/world-report-disability License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/   This dataset provides the World report on disability, Technical appendix A: Estimates of disability prevalence (%) and of years of health lost due to disability (YLD), by country

The Worldwide Governance Indicators (WGI) project reports aggregate and individual governance indicators for over 200 countries and territories over the period 1996–2020, for six dimensions of governance:Voice and AccountabilityPolitical Stability and Absence of ViolenceGovernment EffectivenessRegulatory QualityRule of LawControl of Corruption The Worldwide Governance Indicators (WGI) are a research dataset summarizing the views on the quality of governance provided by a large number of enterprise, citizen and expert survey respondents in industrial and developing countries. These data are gathered from a number of survey institutes, think tanks, non-governmental organizations, international organizations, and private sector firms. The WGI do not reflect the official views of the World Bank, its Executive Directors, or the countries they represent. The WGI are not used by the World Bank Group to allocate resources. Measure description: Estimate:-Estimate of governance (ranges from approximately -2.5 (weak) to 2.5 (strong) governance performance) Standard error (StdErr):-Standard error reflects variability around the point estimate of governance. Number of sources (NumSrc):-Number of data sources on which estimate is based Rank:-Percentile rank among all countries (ranges from 0 (lowest) to 100 (highest) rank) Lower:-Lower bound of 90% confidence interval for governance, in percentile rank terms Upper:-Upper bound of 90% confidence interval for governance, in percentile rank terms