Angola is the top country by general government primary net lending/borrowing in the world. As of 2021, general government primary net lending/borrowing in Angola was 4,233 billion LCU that accounts for -0.13% of the world's general government primary net lending/borrowing. The top 5 countries (others are Russian Federation, Norway, Congo, and Equatorial Guinea) account for -0.20% of it. The world's total general government primary net lending/borrowing was estimated at -3,315,081 billion LCU in 2021.

The description is composed by our digital data assistant.

Primary net lending/borrowing is net lending (+)/borrowing (?) plus net interest payable/paid (interest expense minus interest revenue).

General government primary net lending/borrowing in current LCU (billion LCU)

199020002005201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021
Angola828035194361059-670-158-278-6001,8001,9601,6624,233
Russia5561,932-1,5281,027446-602-535-2,605-2,770-8813,5572,411-4,0321,498
Norway-72032562303153542691991084885203160-165329
Republic of Congo461876281,0631,191655-235-933-1,206-823-2765715917274
Equatorial Guinea-56-18803-346112-796-440-760-1,146-700-15486179-25250
Jamaica4407154407211211712113614415315169155
Gabon24640527289244638-13268377-19872205435104101
South Sudan3-5-1-4-9-3114-194190
Egypt21-13-40-69-83-110-90-101-117-87-19727378
Brazil4181471299391-37-112-156-115-113-67-68365
Denmark225896-38-27-56-1632-12937989-355
Qatar619365481165124137-18-649431940
United Arab Emirates4110697112812633-41-35-222211-6540
Libya031911-729-16-22-19-20-101012-1420
Mauritania-11250-4-32412101110
Dominican Republic-39-18-23-100-32-1273-20-211825-20810
Azerbaijan0066212-20-158-44
Guatemala-1-1-6-5-3-2-2121-2-4-194
Vanuatu-21-1-1-102-60-174-13
Kyrgyz Republic-6-2-11-11-15-10-9-7-23-1525-143
Bhutan00-23-10-252-1-5-20-22
Puerto Rico-10012422
Bosnia and Herzegovina00-1-1-10-100111-11
Luxembourg100000111121-20
St. Kitts and Nevis000000000000000
Tajikistan00-10001-1-5-3-1-1-30
São Tomé and Príncipe000-1000000010
Dominica000000000000000
Grenada000000000000000
Montenegro0000000000000
Cyprus00-1-1-10011101-10
Micronesia00000000000000
Tuvalu0000000000000
Marshall Islands0000000000000
Tonga00000000000000
Belize00000000000000
Kiribati00000000000000
Liberia00000000000000
Antigua and Barbuda000000000000000
Somalia000000000
Barbados00000000000100
St. Vincent and the Grenadines000000000000000
St. Lucia000000000000000
Ecuador11-10-2-7-7-5-8-4-2-1-40
San Marino0000000000000
Belarus0-1-1101-10254-20
El Salvador0000000000000-10
Oman0111211-1-4-6-3-2-2-40
Lithuania00-2-200001111-30
Solomon Islands0001000000000-1
Seychelles0001111111101-3-1
Timor-Leste00000-1-1-1-10-10-1
Estonia00000000000-2-1
Suriname000000-1-1-1-1-1-6-3-1
Eritrea-2-3-3-1-1-2000-121-1-1
Fiji000000000000-1-1
The Bahamas00000000000000-1
Bahrain000-10-1-10-2-2-1-1-1-2-1
Malta000000000100-1-1
Portugal1-1-6-16-7-3-2-504166-6-1
Lesotho0010-21-110-30-1-21-1
Jordan000-1-2-3-2-1-1000-1-1-1
Brunei Darussalam01316431-3-3-2-1-2-3-2
Latvia00-1000000000-1-2
The Gambia00-100-100-10-211-2
Eswatini000-3-121-1-3-5-3-5-3-2-2
Slovenia00-2-2-1-5-10111-3-2
Nicaragua33011-1-3-4-5-4-84-4-2
Georgia00-1000000000-4-3
Panama000000-1000-1-1-4-3
Mexico4023127-162-105-145-155-305-22471574371343-120-4
Ireland274-50-19-9-5-114566-15-4
Bulgaria12-3-10-1-3-2210-1-3-4
Papua New Guinea01210-3-3-2-200-2-5-4
Botswana26-70276-62-1-8-14-18-4
Switzerland161574-105391010-21-4
Moldova01-1-1-1-1-1-2-110-1-9-4
Slovak Republic-3-1-4-2-2-1-1-1-1000-4-5
Kuwait-32661112136-3-5-3-2-3-9-6
Tunisia001-1-2-4-1-3-4-3-2-1-7-6
Finland4104-5-2-4-5-6-5-3-1-2-2-13-7
Croatia-7-6-15-19-9-9-9-171289-21-7
Namibia001-3-5-2-4-7-10-11-3-3-3-7-8
Venezuela00-1-9
Trinidad and Tobago125321-2-5-10-12-12-5-1-12-9
Zambia00-1-1-2-7-6-12-5-9-10-8-26-9
Maldives00-1-4-3-2-10-3-6-1-3-4-12-9
Greece-34-3-12-6-31016786-13-10
Cabo Verde-11-4-13-9-13-12-9-3-1-101-12-10
Mozambique0-1-3-11-15-12-9-49-35-208-1032-22-10
Peru145141594-7-9-13-6-1-50-11
Comoros0-11154944-111-240-6-22-1-13
New Zealand3410-10-9-3-112466-6-11-14
Honduras04-1-12-11-13-21-1101155-22-14
Uruguay-3181619-15-74-4-211-11-47-17
Mauritius-1-20-13-4-3-5-232-25-35-18
Netherlands176-27-21-19-12-8-86161719-25-19
Ghana000-3-3-6-7-52-33-4-6-35-19
Djibouti-3-5-2-2-3-6-15-26-65-35-17-82-9-19
Poland-7-15-71-38-18-28-29-15-1322515-131-20
Sweden7912682105-32-47-56144643825-146-20
Belgium7164-3-4-4-1-11064-1-34-21
Austria-110-7-101-230257-27-21
Bolivia0-114353-5-13-15-17-19-17-28-22
Ukraine0-7-45-10-34-34-186045434844-128-27
Israel1814-21-13-12-37210-19-29-126-28
North Macedonia103-7-8-14-15-17-13-9-8-4-6-46-30
Sudan00-12-3-14-17-17-16-26-50-105-216-305-36
Haiti-1-1-6-6-14-24-23-1023-9-23-31-37
Guinea-Bissau1-100-7-11-9-11-17-34-7-36-24-71-38
Chad-578-19017258-99-249-17447918553188-41
Morocco1010-15-16-36-40-23-22-21-22-10-14-18-54-49
Albania-9-2-2-5-4-27-36-231410152-76-50
Malaysia4-18-8-24-18-20-22-10-11-9-8-110-41-52
Zimbabwe0000000-1-2-2-112-55
Spain-41125-86-83-93-46-32-29-21-10-5-13-92-59
Romania11-27-16-5-6-4-2-9-16-15-40-90-64
Saudi Arabia4723194292324145-120-438-413-302-192-133-344-66
Italy-13424-2143329232323202330-105-67
Hong Kong SAR4423727-1583149012828-65-304-75
Central African Republic-23-1-26-4-1813-45-31-117-9-724-42-82
Burundi-26-96-76-73-101-43-143-344-316-238-274-226-215-89
Ethiopia-2-5-3-4-6-7-14-24-20-29-51-55-55-80-96
Serbia244-79-96-174-111-128-1681186150109-288-99
Guyana6-15-5-8-21-14-28-1-24-24-19-21-83-109
Costa Rica-624194-580-396-529-704-831-866-758-997-810-994-1,368-112
South Africa3147-70-47-57-48-48-64-29-39-19-64-311-114
Germany25-20-57305142536266719073-133-118
Australia81315-67-60-43-33-34-31-26-15-8-71-154-120
France-318-16-92-55-53-41-40-38-42-30-16-42-177-129
Canada-66336-65-48-33-1991232103-241-137
United Kingdom233-22-109-79-91-74-70-59-35-12-11-19-252-138
Armenia-34-142-73-24-26-32-170-187-1473494-169-140
Nepal-4600-744412238-74-187-173-184-140
Turkey62912510151114-26-27-85-124-162-161
Togo2-30-15-24-60-110-124-185-172-1904147154-200-179
Iceland-42158-70-7463779743881048714-197-204
Yemen-1212911-113-12-66-126140-252-281-467-900-713-386-231
Czech Republic-82-78-125-66-112-8-4313721108046-295-324
Benin-2-78-465-3511-65-90-338-237-204-11089-245-340
Cameroon364441-94-281-164-534-665-739-1,034-816-336-522-551-356
Mali-40-73-115-174-28-123-163-95-272-181-366-66-421-379
Niger-23-25-32-80-29-86-311-360-232-220-146-195-339-395
Malawi831-23-9-330-84-102-156-116-123-440-456
Kenya03429-71-80-168-171-206-290-353-354-321-388-451-471
Burkina Faso-63-47-140-182-88-135-201-76-102-169-497-295-202-428-481
Mongolia-539584-491-91693-328-424-2,6741151,9771,240-2,522-539
Bangladesh5-43-61-65-174-126-175-142-288-325-612-651-1,096-951-567
Rwanda330-8-19-93-22-177-113-89-114-116-353-760-567
Pakistan8013-252-532-841-882-73-138-21-490-723-1,320-723-623
Senegal7926-254-310-270-292-250-225-182-128-214-266-614-659
Democratic Republic of the Congo-1861-139-6563071894-48-85906285-1,470-1,067-854
Philippines52322036122024530839435521220820-14-702-886
Thailand-38243-491080163-89713912101-47-673-998
Sri Lanka-4-48-52-93-93-80-53-209-241-29291-295-930-1,010
Côte d'Ivoire22150-33-264-197-131-165-256-494-619-510-264-1,302-1,146
Argentina130-9-35-45-88-160-263-392-451-330-88-1,698-1,168
Madagascar8-25-24-11-308-414-774-451-716-138-578-261-369-1,595-1,217
Iraq2,882-5,98411,86911,333-15,600-14,704-25,264-27,327-1,17624,4585,066-23,303-1,234
Algeria29521879-234-348-852-152-1,398-2,716-2,356-1,521-1,434-2,087-2,143-1,557
Guinea-44-83153-3,24524112,815-1,748-1,349-3,770731-1,080-288251-3,213-1,821
United States-141-1,349-1,157-960-434-365-308-446-503-636-675-2,586-1,929
Sierra Leone2469-354-331-563-208-596-807-1,854-1,810-905-162-1,091-1,977
Tanzania55-464-1,808-1,485-1,889-1,871-1,286-1,616-657478-293-416-1,304-2,457
Hungary229-912-188-425539502317460434476741-2,702-2,519
Kazakhstan4253961,6121,1731,591799-2,407-2,010-2,8441,104-532-5,426-3,661
Lao P.D.R.-458-564-633-642-1,356-2,961-2,578-5,635-5,116-6,679-5,392-3,291-6,852-4,622
Myanmar-114-271-1,359-1,340-644-234-41-1,114-1,932-1,260-1,506-2,562-4,612-5,643
China-9-211-18137191101-193-83-1,406-2,023-2,194-3,182-5,201-8,986-5,936
Cambodia-657-44-1,676-2,305-2,396-1,400-879-25248-4079963,626-3,220-6,019
Nigeria275601,509-1,965812613-1,357-1,315-2,541-3,450-4,665-3,384-4,389-5,343-6,422
Uganda24203-2,119-919-1,062-1,778-1,383-1,043-601-1,706-1,559-3,797-7,394-7,457
Korea33,27719,59612,37314,81818,0125,7532,6783,15623,65133,84340,776-2,770-52,648-7,870
India-301-887-903-3,433-3,497-3,173-2,740-3,209-3,696-3,877-2,557-3,157-5,582-15,028-11,514
Paraguay5902641,3661,4422,766-1,119-826127-1,8651,008241-1,016-5,909-13,786-11,978
Chile468-233,428-3461,8511,029-535-2,001-2,968-4,012-4,066-2,106-4,654-13,231-16,510
Japan14,599-31,306-18,551-40,441-38,721-34,899-32,962-23,380-14,158-13,781-11,967-9,337-13,127-44,743-32,959
Uzbekistan-131-6652,0505,2947,3963,1243,328-8921,4212,8726,630-2,424-20,300-35,994
Colombia6751,6076,968-6,80955112,1376,765-1,225-13,799-3,029-4,575-24,621-10,718-43,537-46,308
Vietnam-5,488-4,450-36,271-2,107-182,636-212,726-180,938-176,673-91,646-25,88535,01876,487-123,697-188,570
Indonesia21,82077,9793,11738,210-36,169-98,580-93,350-144,079-125,580-124,409-1,606-77,420-629,535-440,209
Islamic Republic of Iran-56,590-47,556-46,269-39,405-80,090-118,391-169,774-194,447-159,506-207,852-1,088,497-2,152,159-2,460,163
Afghanistan-37-53-6-20-162-822-15-34
Lebanon-374-1,9466321,5782,087-132-5151,8071,089335605-1,196-258-456
Macao SAR184473831111065041545964-43
Syria-10-7-49-203