National Institute of Statistics, Italy

Data source(s) used: Istat economic sentiment indicator - IESI : Since June 2012, Istat disseminates the composite economic sentiment indicator of the whole Italian firms named IESI (Istat Economic Sentiment Indicator). Until April 2017, the indicator was calculated by aggregating of the balances of the variables included in the confidence climate indicator of industry (assessments on the order books, on the stocks of finished products and expectations on the production), of construction (assessments on current order books and expectations on firm's employment), of services (assessments and expectations on orders and expectations on the general economy), and of retail trade (assessments and expectations on business situation and assessments on stocks). Starting from the publication of May 2017, one of the series which makes up IESI was substituted. More specifically, with reference to the service sector, the balance series pertaining to the expectations on the general economy was replaced by the one concerning the assessments on the general business situation. That was done consistently with the new definition of the service climate confidence index. The calculation methodology of the indicator remains unvaried. The new series has been recalculated since March 2005.As for the calculation methodology, the 11 initial series are seasonally adjusted with the Tramo-Seats method and standardized. Their synthesis is obtained by a weighted average, using as weights the shares of the value added attributable to each sector. In order to get the weight to be assigned to each balance, the value-added of each sector is divided by the number of variables included in the computation of each confidence climate indicator. The weights used to synthesize the series refer to the year 2012 value added figures. The composite indicator obtained is converted into an index number based 2010=100.The previous series (2005=100) are weighted with value added figures referring to 2010. They was not calculated on the basis of the new definition of the service climate confidence index.

Data source(s) used: Construction cost index for residential buildings: The construction costs index for residential building approximates the monthly evolution of costs of the residential construction sector. Construction cost indices for road stretch: The indices approximates the monthly evolution of construction costs for road stretch

Data source(s) used: Consumer Confidence Survey: Survey on consumer confidence is part of the joint harmonized EU program of business and consumer surveys (European Commission Decision C(97) 2241, 15 July 1997 and Communication of European Commission COM(2006) 379, 12 July 2006 and it is cofinanced by the European Commision. Since 1982 the survey is carried out monthly on a representative sample of the Italian adult population. Information are collected in the first 12 days of the month, using telephone interviews with the CATI (Computer assisted telephone interviewing) technique. Sample size is of about 2000 units, with two stages, in proportion to the universe of the Italian adult population and stratified by geographical area and size of municipality of residence. List used corresponds to telephone subscribers; the reporting unit is the telephone subscriber (unit of first stage, randomly selected within the layer), the sample unit is the consumer (unit of second stage), being an adult belonging to the family identified by the telephone number. The selection technique used is a systematic random in the first stage and a quota sampling in the second stage. The questionnaire for the telephone interview includes structural information as well as other questions, mainly qualitative, on the general economic situation in the country and on the personal situation of the respondent. Opinions are expressed as assessment concerning the recent past (last 12 months) or as expectations about short-term future (next 12 months). In particular this survey includes monthly questions on the following aspects: assessments and expectations on the Italian economic situation; expectations on unemployment; assessment and expectations on household's economic situation; assessment on household's financial situation; assessment and expections about inflation; present opportunity and future possibility of savings; present opportunity and future possibility of durable purchases. On quarterly basis (i.e. in January, April, July and October) information are collected on the intentions to buy a new car within the next 12 months; to purchase or to make extraordinary repairs to the dwelling within the next 12 months. Confidence climate index, defined as aritmetical average of nine balances, is a synthetic indicator of all results and it aims at evaluating level of optimism and pessimism among Italian consumers. It can be broken down in personal and economic climates or, alternatively, in present and future climates. These indicators are expressed as index in base 2010=100. Series are seasonally adjusted using Tramo-Seats method. Other data characteristics: Balances are calculated by considering the frequencies not rounded.

Data source(s) used: Starting from September 23 2019, the time series of national accounts, based on the new European System of Accounts (ESA 2010), have been subjected to an extraordinary revision, exploiting advances in methods and sources. The revision took place in coordination with other European countries.The previously diffused series are available in the sections "Regional accounts in the 2014 version" and "Regional accounts in the 2011 and 2005 versions" of this same site.Disposable income of the households in the italian regions at current prices: primary income formation (gross operating surplus, mixed income, compensation of employees, net property incomes) and income redistribution (current taxes, social contributions, social benefits, net other current tranfers).

Data source(s) used: Marriage dissolution and termination of marriage civil effects (divorces): Every year ISTAT publishes the main results of its surveys of separations and divorces conducted at the registries of the civil courts, collecting data concerning every single procedure which was concluded in judicial terms during the reference year. As a consequence of the introduction of the extrajudicial agreements for consensual separations and divorces, in 2015 for the first year Istat disseminates data collected with a new information flow created with the civil registrar offices. These new data refer in particular to the two new cases introduced for those who intend to separate by mutual consent as an alternative to the traditional ratification by the court: lawyer assisted negotiation (art. 6); agreement before the civil registrar in the absence of patrimonial issues and underage children, or adult children who are legally incompetent, severely handicapped or not economically self-sufficient (Art. 12). These data make it possible to update trends in the two phenomena over time and monitor their main characteristics: the duration of marriages and the age of spouses upon separation, the type and duration of proceedings, the number of children involved and custody of minors. Other data characteristics: Due to rounding, totals in a table may slightly differ to the sum of the respective components.Average duration of marriage is the difference, in completed years, between the date on which divorce proceedings are filed and the date of marriage.Divorces without previous separation are excluded.

Educational Indicators of Italy

Data source(s) used: Small and medium enterprise survey -SME (including professional and artistic activities):The sample survey on the small and medium enterprises (SME) covers the population of enterprises with 1 to 99 persons employed and answers to the request of SBS EU Council Regulation n. 58/97 (until the reference year 2007 in Nace Rev.1.1) and SBS EU Council Regulation n. 295/2008 (starting from the reference year 2008 in Nace Rev.2). The observation unit is the enterprise and the frame is represented by the Italian business register (Asia). The sampling design is a one stage stratified random sampling, with the strata defined by the combination of economic activity, size class of persons employed and administrative region. The main variables collected annually by an electronic questionnaire regard business competitivity, employment, personnel cost, investments. The data collected is treated with statistical procedures for assuring consistency and coherence and non-response technique, by integrating data from administrative sources. The estimation methodology is based on calibration, by using known totals from the business register (the number of the persons employed and enterprises).Survey on enterprise accounting system: The Survey on Economic and financial accounts of large enterprises covers all enterprises operating in Italy with at least 100 persons employed and concerns all enterprises of industrial and services sectors excluding financial services The survey collects data concerning profit-and-loss accounts and balance sheets and data about KAU (Kind of Activity Units) . Moreover, information regarding employment, investment and personnel costs are requested. The survey is carried out according to the normative guidelines of the EC Structural Business Statistics (SBS) Regulation N 295/2008. The questionnaires is electronic. Other data characteristics: Size class of persons employeed 0-1 and 2-9 are only for the areas of trade and services

Data source(s) used: Survey on induced abortions: In 1979 Istat, according to the law 194/78 on voluntary abortion, started the survey on induced abortion together with Regions and the Ministry of Health. Data are collected using an individual and anonymous form (Istat D.12) compiled by the doctor that makes the operation to terminate the pregnancy. In such form information about the woman and the pregnancy, and about the operation are requested. The first ones contain: date of birth; place of birth and place of residence; province of the operation; citizenship: marital status; educational level; work status (a woman has a "not occupational status" if she is an housewife, or a student, or a retired person, or if she is looking for her first job. A woman has an "occupational status" if she is actually working or if she is unemployed e.g. she has lost a previous job and she's looking for a new one); professional position; branch of economic activity; past reproductive history (number of live births, stillbirths, miscarriages, voluntary abortions); gestational age; presence of foetus malformations. Information about the operation are: date of pregnancy interruption; date of certification; authorization; urgency; approval for minors; place and type of operation; type of anaesthesia; type of hospitalization; length of stay in hospital; complications. Other data characteristics: For more details see the following documents:

Data source(s) used: Production price index for industrial products, Monthly survey on producer prices for industrial products sold on the external market, Monthly survey on producer prices for industrial products sold on the domestic market: the English description of the source is not available at this time, for methodological details go to the Siqual system.

Data source(s) used: Livestock statistics on bovine, pigs, sheep and goats The survey on livestock is conducted on a sample survey and produce statistics on the number of bovine animals, pigs, sheep and goats. It has to be produced twice a year: 1° june and 1° december of each year on the basis of the European Regulation (the last one is Reg. (EC) No 1165/2008).

Data source(s) used: Vital statistics on causes of death: The Vital statistics system on causes of death is the main source for the evaluation of the health status of the population, and for the health programs and resources allocation. Data on causes of all deaths occurring in Italy during a calendar year are collected by the death certificates Istat/D.4, e D.4 bis. The physician must fill the health section of the certificate (part A) and the civil status officer of the appurtenant municipality must fill the demographic section of the certificate (part B). Other data characteristics: For details on ICD codes see additional file

Data source(s) used: Nowcast system for demographic indicators: Nowcast of the main statistical indicators aimed at studying the demographic trends of the population. In particular, as regards to fertility behaviour the crude birth rate and the total fertility rate are calculated; as regards to mortality behaviour the crude mortality rate and the life expectancy at birth and at age 65 are calculated; as regards migration behaviour the crude migration rates internal and whit abroad flows are estimated. Finally to get a picture of population ageing the main dependency rates are calculated Other data characteristics: Ageing index is the ratio of the population aged 65 and over and the younger population ( 0 -14 ) years

Data source(s) used: Labor force survey: from the labor force survey Istat derives its official estimates of the number of employed persons and job-seekers, as well as information about the main labor supply aggregates, such as occupation, economic activity area , hours worked, contract types and duration and training. Istat collects the information each quarter by interviewing a sample of nearly 77,000 households, representing 175,000 individuals who are resident in Italy, even if they are temporarily abroad. Households usually living abroad and permanent members of communities (religious institutes, military barracks, etc.) are not included. The survey has been updated over the years to take into account continual transformations in the labor market on the one hand, and the growing information requirements of users regarding the social and economic reality of our nation, on the other. The most recent change was undertaken at the beginning of in 2004 in line with European Union regulations. The current sample survey is continuous insofar as information is collected during every week of the year and no longer during a single week per quarter. The results are still disseminated on a quarterly basis, except for provincial data which are disseminated annually. A significant feature of the survey is the establishment of new criteria for identifying employed and unemployed individuals, as well as a far-reaching reorganization of the data collection and production process. To make new estimates comparable with estimates referring to previous years, Istat has reconstructed the time series since the fourth quarter of 1992. Data have been updated since 2nd March 2015 due to the statistical back-recalculation of population time series, based on Census results, disseminated the 14th January 2015. Monthly data were recalculated from January 2004 to December 2014; quarterly data from second quarter 2002 to third quarter 2014; annual data from year 2002 to 2013.

Data source(s) used: Enrolments, entrants and graduates. Higher Education Data Portal (MIUR): From the academic year 2012 and 2013 the data are taken from the National Student Registry (ANS), by the Ministry of University and Research (previously the data were collected through a survey carried out by the MIUR). Data on enrolments, entrants and graduates by degree course and disciplinary group are processed and disseminated. Other data characteristics: The number of students by municipality of the university is net of those one not referable to a specific university. Similarly, the number of students by municipality of residence does not include those one resident somewhere else (not an Italian municipality).