Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development

OECD Indicators on Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions embodied in international trade (TeCO2) are derived by combining the 2021 editions of OECD Inter-Country Input-Output (ICIO) Database and of International Energy Agency (IEA) statistics on CO2 emissions from fuel combustion. In this release of TeCO2, emissions from fuels used for international aviation and maritime transport (i.e. aviation and marine bunkers) are also considered.Production-based CO2 emissions are estimated by allocating the CO2 emissions to the 45 target industries in OECD ICIO and, to household final consumption of fuels, by both residents and non-residents.Demand-based CO2 emissions are calculated by multiplying the intensities of the production-based emissions (c) with the global Leontief inverse (I-A)(-1) and global final demand matrix (Y) from OECD ICIO, taking the column sums of the resulting matrix and adding residential and private road emissions (FNLC), i.e. direct emissions from final demand: colsum [ diag(c) (I-A)(-1) Y ] + FNLC.For more information, see TeCO2 web page: http://oe.cd/io-co2.

This table contains figures on affiliates under foreign control by investing country in the total manufacturing, total services and total business enterprise sectors.

In this version, seven GVCs indicators are presented for 59 economies (34 OECD and 23 non-OECD economies, plus the "rest of the world" and the European Union) for 18 industries in the years 1995, 2000, 2005, 2008 and 2009. The indicators are calculated based on the five global input-output matrices of the TiVA database. More details on the aggregation and specific country notes can be downloaded at http://www.oecd.org/sti/ind/input-outputtables.htm and http://oe.cd/gvc/.

This table contains figures on the activity of affiliates located abroad by host country in the total manufacturing, total services and total business enterprise sectors. The units used to present data in AMNE are millions of national currency for monetary variables and units for the other variables. Monetary variables are in current prices. Euro-area countries: national currency data is expressed in euro beginning with the year of entry into the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU). For years prior to the year of entry into EMU, data have been converted from the former national currency using the appropriate irrevocable conversion rate. This presentation facilitates comparisons within a country over time and ensures that the historical evolution is preserved. Please note, however, that pre-EMU euro are a notional unit and should not be used to form area aggregates or to carry out cross-country comparisons.

Input-Output tables describe the sale and purchase relationships between producers and consumers within an economy. They can be produced by illustrating flows between the sales and purchases (final and intermediate) of industry outputs or by illustrating the sales and purchases (final and intermediate) of product outputs. The OECD Input-Output database is presented on the former basis, reflecting in part the collection mechanisms for many other data sources such as Research and Development expenditure data, employment statistics, pollution data, energy consumption, which are in the main collected by enterprise or by establishment, and thus according to industry classifications.

The TiVA database contains a range of indicators measuring the value added content of international trade flows and final demand. The indicators are derived from the 2016 version of OECD's Inter-Country Input-Output (ICIO) Database.  The ICIO has been constructed from various national and international data sources all drawn together and balanced under constraints based on official (SNA93) National Accounts by economic activity and National Accounts main aggregates.  Underlying sources used are notably:  • National supply and use tables (SUTs)  • National and harmonised Input-Output Tables • Bilateral trade in goods by industry and end-use category (BTDIxE) and  • Bilateral trade in services.  Compared to the old versions of the TiVA database, this current version includes two more countries, Morocco and Peru. The data are presented for all years from 1995 to 2011. The industry breakdown remains the same.