To what extent a country is prepared for the transition to knowledge-based economy, i.e. the economy that is able to efficiently stock, process and transfer knowledge, needed for a country to maintain competitiveness in today's modern world? To shed some light on this complicated question and correspondingly to help country leaders to choose strategically right directions, the World Bank developed instrument known as Knowledge Economy Index. Based on 148 indicators which serve as proxies for 4 Knowledge Economy pillars, exactly, Economic Incentive and Institutional Regime, Education and Labor, Innovation and Information & Communications Technology, this index assesses 146 countries throughout the world on their ability to compete in international innovative environment and to supply new knowledge.
The Global Competitiveness Index (GCI) is a global study on the basis of which ranking of countries in terms of economic competitiveness in the world is formed. The World Economic Forum defines competitiveness as the ability of the country and its institutions to ensure stable economic growth, which would be stable in the medium term. GCI is determined by numerous and very diverse factors which were divided into three subindexes: Basic requirements, Efficiency enhancers, Innovation and sophistication factors. The index is composed of 12 pillars of competitiveness. They are...
After two consecutive years of 9%+ growth, global R&D spending returned to the long-term growth trend and grew at 5.8% in 2013 to the highest total ever, $638 billion The top three industries by R&D spending continue to be Computing & Electronics, Health, and Auto The Software & Internet, Health, and Auto sectors accounted for 74% of the overall growth in spending; Chemicals & Energy decreased its R&D expenditures Spending in North America grew at an above average rate of 8.6% while Europe grew at a below average rate of 4.5%; Japan reduced its R&D...
Since 2003 until now Academic Ranking of World Universities (ARWU) conciders about 1000 universities all over the world in ordet to build ranking of 500 ones with the highest performance in academic and research fields. Its methodology implies assessing institutions by 6 indicators including alumni (Score on Alumni) and staff (Score on Award) winning Nobel Prizes and Fields Medals, highly cited researchers (Score on HiCi), papers published in Nature and Science (Score on N&S), papers indexed in major citation indices (Score on PUB), and the per capita academic performance of an...
The comprehensive comparison of the taxation between different countries might be hindered by the fact that tax laws in most countries are extremely complex, and tax burden falls differently on different groups in each country and sub-national unit. Still, to enable cross-country comparison one can use the highest rates for each of the following tax types in each country: The highest corporate tax rate among the 120 countries surveyed by KPMG is recorded in the United Arab Emirates, where corporations should pay 55 percent of their operating profit as a tax. However, this tax is...
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