Italy

Symbols used Titles / circulation Circulation in thousands1) 1)The discrepancy in the data on circulation in the column 'total' is dueto rounding to thousands.

Statistics on culture cover many aspects of economic and social life. According to the Europe 2020 strategy, the role of culture is crucial for achieving the goal of a "smart, sustainable and inclusive" growth. Employment in cultural sector statistics aim at investigating on the dimension of the contribution of cultural employment to the overall employment. Cultural employment statistics are derived from data on employment based on the results of the European Labour Force Survey (see EU-LFS metadata) that is the main source of information about the situation and trends on the labour market in the European Union. The final report of the European Statistical System Network on Culture (ESS-Net Culture Report 2012, in particular pp. 129-226) deals with the methodology applied to cultural statistics, including the scope of the 'cultural economic activities' and 'cultural occupations' based on two reference classifications: the NACE classification (‘Nomenclature générale des Activités économiques dans les Communautés Européennes’) which classifies the employer’s main activity, andthe ISCO classification(‘International Standard Classification of Occupations’) which classifies occupations. Results from the EU-LFS allow to characterize cultural employment by different variables such as gender, age, employment status, working time, educational attainment, permanency of jobs by cross-tabulating ISCO and NACE cultural codes as defined in the ESS-Net Culture Report 2012 (Annex 3 – Table 26 and Annex 4 – Table 27).

Metainformation:Last modified: New data set (year 2018) State of the database: 14.03.2019 Reference period: Cinema year Catchment area: Switzerland Survey: Swiss Film and Cinema StatisticsExcl. film festivals, open-air cinema and adult cinemas, up to 2015 also excluding cinema clubs, see methodology (in German)Corrections: Switzerland: 2014 (01.04.2016) United States: 2011 (01.04.2016) United Kingdom: 2011 (01.04.2016) Austria: 2014 (01.04.2016)Remarks The Cinématographe and Paderewski screens of the National film archive (Cinémathèque Suisse) were included in the statistics for the first time in 2018 and contribute significantly to the increase in the number of films shown compared with the previous year.

RMetainformation:Last modified: New data set (year 2018) State of the database: 14.03.2019 Reference period: Cinema year Catchment area: Switzerland Survey: Swiss Film and Cinema StatisticsExcl. film festivals, open-air cinema and adult cinemas, up to 2015 also excluding cinema clubs, see methodology (in German)Corrections: Germany: 2015 (15.03.2017)Remarks The Cinématographe and Paderewski screens of the National film archive (Cinémathèque Suisse) were included in the statistics for the first time in 2018 and contribute significantly to the increase in the number of films shown compared with the previous year.

Data given in this domain are collected on a yearly basis by the National Statistical Institutes or Ministries and are based on the annual Eurostat Model Questionnaires on ICT (Information and Communication Technologies) usage and e-commerce in enterprises. Large part of the data collected are used in the context of the 2011 - 2015 benchmarking framework (endorsed by i2010 High Level Group in November 2009) for the Digital Agenda Scoreboard, Europe's strategy for a flourishing digital economy by 2020. This conceptual framework follows the i2010 Benchmarking Framework which itself followed-up the eEurope 2005 Action Plan. The aim of the European ICT usage surveys is to collect and disseminate harmonised and comparable information on the use of Information and Communication Technologies in enterprises and e-commerce at European level. Coverage: The characteristics to be provided are drawn from the following list of subjects: ICT systems and their usage in enterprises,use of the Internet and other electronic networks by enterprises,e-commerce,e-business processes and organisational aspects,use of ICT by enterprises to exchange information and services with governments and public administrations (e-government),ICT competence in the enterprise and the need for ICT skills,barriers to the use of ICT, the Internet and other electronic networks, e-commerce and e-business processes,ICT expenditure and investment,ICT security and trust,use of ICT and its impact on the environment (Green ICT),access to and use of the Internet and other network technologies for connecting objects and devices (Internet of Things),access to and use of technologies providing the ability to connect to the Internet or other networks from anywhere at any time (ubiquitous connectivity).Breakdowns:by size class,by NACE categories,by region (until 2010)

Variables converted from character to numeric as follow:Variables under consideration are top 3 vars i.e. Status, print and Broadcast 1 = Free (F) 2 = Partly Free (PF) 3 = Not Free (NF) Under source it values are present like: "F" , "PF" and "NF"  Note:- Date range has been considered as follow: Jan.1981-Aug.1982 is considered as 1982 Aug.1982-Nov.1983 is considered as 1983 Nov.1983-Nov.1984 is considered as 1984 Nov.1984-Nov.1985 is considered as 1985 Nov.1985-Nov.1986 is considered as 1986 Nov.1986-Nov.1987 is considered as 1987   About Freedom of the press: Freedom of the Press, an annual report on media independence around the world which assesses the degree of print, broadcast, and digital media freedom in 199 countries and territories. Published since 1980, it provides numerical scores and country narratives evaluating the legal environment for the media, political pressures that influence reporting, and economic factors that affect access to news and information. Freedom of the Press is the most comprehensive data set available on global media freedom and serves as a key resource for policymakers, international institutions, journalists, activists, and scholars worldwide.

Data cited at: The World Economic Forum https://www.weforum.org/ Topic: The Global Human Capital Report 2017 Publication URL: https://www.weforum.org/reports/the-global-human-capital-report-2017 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode

Statistics on culture cover many aspects of economic and social life. According to the Europe 2020 strategy, the role of culture is crucial for achieving the goal of a "smart, sustainable and inclusive" growth. Employment in cultural sector statistics aim at investigating on the dimension of the contribution of cultural employment to the overall employment. Cultural employment statistics are derived from data on employment based on the results of the European Labour Force Survey (see EU-LFS metadata) that is the main source of information about the situation and trends on the labour market in the European Union. The final report of the European Statistical System Network on Culture (ESS-Net Culture Report 2012, in particular pp. 129-226) deals with the methodology applied to cultural statistics, including the scope of the 'cultural economic activities' and 'cultural occupations' based on two reference classifications:the NACE classification (‘Nomenclature générale des Activités économiques dans les Communautés Européennes’) which classifies the employer’s main activity, andthe ISCO classification(‘International Standard Classification of Occupations’) which classifies occupations. Results from the EU-LFS allow to characterize cultural employment by different variables such as gender, age, employment status, working time, educational attainment, permanency of jobs by cross-tabulating ISCO and NACE cultural codes as defined in the ESS-Net Culture Report 2012 (Annex 3 – Table 26 and Annex 4 – Table 27).

1. Media include Radio, TV and Newspapers 2. Total number of domestic Radio and TV channels, by technical penetration 3. Print media covers newspaper-public and Private by ownership

Definition:Time use represents the average time spent on an activity per day (hours and minutes per day). All persons are included, whether they have performed this activity or not, and all days of the week, as well as working and holiday periods are included. Free time includes activities that are not defined in other time use categories. E.g, volunteer work and meetings, helping other households, socializing and entertainment, sports and outdoor activities, hobbies and games, reading, watching TV, resting or doing nothing. Socializing – includes visiting and receiving visitors, feasts, phone calls and conversation with family or friends, etc. Reading - includes reading periodicals, brochures, books, etc. Sports – includes walking and hiking, all kinds of sports (jogging, ball games, water sports, etc.) productive exercises (hunting, fishing, picking berries, etc.) and sport related activities. Hobbies and games – collecting, correspondence, solo games and play, parlour games and play, gambling, etc. Includes also visual, performing and literary arts. Volunteer work and help – includes work for/through an organization and informal help to other households. Note on data format: Data are reported in number of hours, where decimals represent hundredths of an hour (ex: 1.75 should be read 1 hour and 45 minutes; 0.20 should be read 12 minutes). .. - data not available Country: Armenia Data refer to October 2008 and to the population aged 15-80. Country: Austria Country: Bulgaria Reference period (2002): Data refer to 2001-2002. Country: Bulgaria Reference period (2010): Data refer to 2009-2010. Country: Canada Change in definition (1990 - 2010): Data refer to population aged 20 to 74. Country: Canada Reference period (1990): Data refer to 1992. Country: Canada Reference period (1995): Data refer to 1997. Country: Canada Territorial change (1990 - 2010): Data cover 10 provinces only. Country: Denmark Data covers persons who have been active in the category. Data refer to the population aged 16-74. 1990: data refer to 1987. 2009: data refer to 2008-2009. Country: Estonia Reference period (2000): Data refer to 1999-2000. Country: Estonia Reference period (2010): Data refer to 2009-2010. Country: France 2000: data refer to 1998-1999. 2010: data refer to 2009-2010. Data cover only Metropolitan France. Country: Germany Change in definition (2001): Data refer to the population aged 20-74. Country: Germany Reference period (2001): Data refer to the period from April 2001 to March 2002 Country: Greece Computing is not included in hobbies and games. Participatory activities are not included in volunteer work and help. Other activites - include participatory activities, entertainment and culture, resting - time out, computing, radio and recordings. All persons are included. Country: Hungary 2000: data refer to 1999-2000. 2010: data refer to 2009-2010. Country: Italy 2002: data refer to 2002-2003; 2008: data refer to 2008-2009; 2014: data refer to 2013-2014. Data refer to population aged 20-74. For all years activities are coded according to the last Harmonized European Time Use Survey Guidelines (HETUS 2008). Country: Kazakhstan Additional information (2003): The structure of time use within 7 days (man / hours per week). Data refer to the age group 16 years and older. Country: Kazakhstan Additional information (2006): The structure of time use within 7 days (man / hours per week). Data refer to the age group 18 years and older. Country: Kazakhstan Additional information (2012): The structure of time use within 7 days (man / hours per week). Data refer to the age group 10 years and older. Country: Luxembourg Data refer to the population aged 10-74. `TV and video` category includes listening radio and music. `Hobbies and games` include culture, entertainments and excursions. `Other activities` refer to `to do nothing`. Country: Netherlands Break in methodlogy (2006): Data is collected according to the Harmonised European Time Use Survey (HETUS) replacing the original Dutch Time Use Survey. Country: Norway 2010: data refer to 2010-2011. Country: Poland 2004: data refer to 2003-2004. 2013: ''Hobbies and games'' includes also computing and Internet (not measured in 2003/2004 survey). Country: Romania Reference period (2000): Data refer to August and September 2000. Country: Romania Reference period (2011 - 2012): Statistical survey on time use (TUS), carried out in households during september 2011 - september 2012 Country: Serbia Data do not cover Kosovo and Metohija. 2010 data refer to 2010-2011. Country: Spain 2003: data refer to 2002-2003. Country: Sweden Change in definition (2000 - 2010): Data refer to the population aged 20-64. Country: Sweden Reference period (2010): Data refer to April 2010-March 2011 Country: Switzerland 1995: data refer to 1997. Country: The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia Reference period (2014): Time Use Survey was carried out over a period of 12 months, from May 2014 until April 2015. Country: Turkey For 2006 the data refer to persons aged 15+. For 2015 the data refer to persons aged 10+.

The “Business services statistics” (BS) collection contains harmonised statistics on business services. BS is a driver of the knowledge-based economy and their labour-intensive nature has attracted interest in their potential as providers of new jobs in the future. Contributing to the recent increase in the demand for business services, the growing trend in outsourcing has seen many enterprises use service providers for non-core professional activities. Technological progress and the Internet are also important factors which have provided new production possibilities and new modes of supply. Due to its growing importance, BS data are collected since 2000 reference year. The data were collected under Gentlemen agreement until 2007 reference year and from 2008 onwards it become part of the regular mandatory annual data collection of SBS. The BS’s data requirements before 2008 reference year included more variables, but data is available only for a small number of countries. The following variables are available until 2007 reference year:Number of enterprisesTurnover or gross premiums writtenValue added at factor costPersonnel costsNumber of persons employedNumber of employeesNumber of part-time employees The “Turnover or gross premiums written” variable is broken down by product and residence of client. In addition, there is information on the turnover shares of product and client specialised enterprises. The statistics on “Turnover by product” permits analyses on each product's relative importance in the turnover, consistency of product level statistics and product specialisation. On the other hand, information on “Turnover by client” enables analyses on type and location of client and client specialisation. The economic variables make it possible to extend the analysis to productivity and personnel cost issues. From 2008 onwards, the BS’s data requirements are only for variable “Turnover” broken down by products and by type of residence of client. The majority of the data is collected annually by National Statistical Institutes (NSIs) by means of statistical surveys, business registers or from various administrative sources.

This dataset features the top 10 games markets ranked on their revenue estimates for 2019. These estimates are based on a combination of primary consumer research, transactional data, quarterly company reports, and census data. The revenues are based on consumer spending in each country and exclude hardware sales, tax, business-to-business services, and online gambling and betting revenues.